基于船种聚类的航道通过能力量化方法

为准确计算航道通过能力,针对单双向通航方式并存的混合通航航道,建立了基于船种聚类的航道通过能力量化模型.根据海港航道通航管理规则,对不同船舶种类进行分类,通过聚类算法确定船舶种类特征及其分布概率.与传统航道通过能力计算方法相比,对不同种类船舶所占航道资源分别附以不同权重,同时考虑船舶通航方式改变对航道通过能力的影响,能够更加准确地量化航道通过能力.应用天津港大沽沙航道数据进行了实例分析,目前航道实际月通过船舶约为1 905艘次,计算得到大沽沙航道月通过能力为2 350艘次,并且与港口公共混合通航航道通过能力计算结果4 455艘次/月相对比,前者的结果更符合实际情况,后者的结果明显大于实际航道通过能力.结果表明,基于船种聚类的航道通过能力量化方法能更加准确地反映航道实际情况.

A Quantitative Method for Traffic Capacity of Channels Based on Clustering of Ship Types

In order to compute traffic capacity of hybrid channels which changes from one-way to two way navigation,a quantitative model is developed based on clustering of ship types.According to the regulations of ship navigation in seaports,different ship types are classified.Characteristics of ship types and their probability distribution are determined by using a cluster algorithm.Compared with traditional methods,this method is more accurate to quantify traffic capacity of channels by assigning weights of different types of ships according to their occupied spaces.Moreover,the influences of different navigation modes on traffic capacity are also considered,which makes the model more accurate.The Dagusha Shipping Channel in Tianjin Port is taken as a case study to verify the proposed model.Current capacity of this channel is around 1 905 ships per month,while computed capacity is 2 350 ships per month.Moreover,while using the model for hybrid channels,the result is 4 455 ships per month,which is significantly larger than actual capacity of the channel.The results show that the method based on clustering of ship types can reflect the actual situation of the channel.