技术计划车种代用的重空车辆调配综合优化研究

车种代用现象在我国铁路行业普遍存在,它对技术计划中的空车调配计划以及装卸车计划都会产生一定影响。本文首先阐述国内外近年来的车种代用研究现状,指出车种代用下的空车调配模型存在计算收益不准确和非均衡运输的缺点,通过模型的修正避免了车辆积压。基于时空网络原理,提出车种代用下的重空车调配综合优化模型,模型强调均衡运输,兼顾重空车流接续,以效益最大化为目标。新模型克服了原模型的缺陷。通过两个模型的算例比较分析,新模型在代用策略和优化方案上更优于原模型,对技术计划的编制具有更好的指导意义。

Study on Optimizing Loaded and Empty Cars Distribution with Substitution of Car Types in Technical Plan

In china railway industry, substitution of car types is very popular, which may influent the plan of empty ear distribution and the plan of freight transportation to some extent. This paper begins with the former researches on the question, then figures out the shortcomings of the empty ear distribution model with substitution of ear types. The model is improved to avoid ear overstock. With the aid of the time-space network, this paper constructs a new mathematical model, which is related to balanced transportation and train connection. The new model can optimize the technical plan with substitution of car types and overcome the shortcomings of the earlier model. By analysis of numerical examples of the two models, the fact that the new model is more optimal than the old one is testified.