列车空气制动系统仿真的有效性

根据气体流动理论建立货运列车空气制动系统模型,概述管路内气体流动方程、制动系统中用到的各种边界方程和容器内气体压力的计算方法。利用基于气体流动理论开发的列车制动仿真系统,计算长、短编组列车的常用制动、缓解和紧急制动特性,并与试验结果进行对比。结果表明,计算得到的列车管、制动缸、副风缸、加缓风缸等的空气压力随时间的变化与试验结果非常接近,说明基于气体流动理论的空气制动仿真系统能够很好地模拟制动系统中气体流动和阀内动作过程。该仿真系统可以模拟最多4台机车组成的组合列车,不仅能仿真制动系统动态压力变化过程,而且其计算结果可以用于制动距离的计算,并通过数据传送实现列车纵向动力学分析程序的无缝连接。

The Validity of the Simulation for Train Air Brake System

A train air brake system simulation model which is based on air flow dynamics and principle of 120 distribution valve is established.The functions of air unsteady flow in pipe,the boundary conditions used in brake system,the pressure calculation method in cylinder,reservoir etc.are introduced.The comparison of simulation results with experiment results are made in order to verify the validation of the simulation.The comparison includes long and short train formation with large and small pressure reduction application,release,emergency,the simulation results show good coherence with experiment ones on the pressure variation of pipe,cylinder and auxiliary reservoir etc.That means the simulation can predict the dynamic pressure of air unsteady flow in the brake system and the moving action of 120 distribution valve correctly.The prediction system can simulate brake characteristics of the train consist of vehicle and less than 4 locomotives,and brake distance can be predicted successively.And the brake data can transfer to the longitudinal dynamics analysis.It is the useful tools for longitudinal dynamics prediction of train.