战舰上合理布设救生艇、筏的探讨

各国海军大、中型水面舰船上各类艇、筏的布设位置大多在舯部附近，极少有不紧靠烟囱的情况。而舯部烟囱附近往往是声场、红外线场、磁场等最强处，在海战中这些部位最有可能被敌方的现代化导弹和制导炸弹击中，从而使艇、筏这类保障官兵生命安全的设备易遭损毁或是被熊熊大火所包围，丧失救生功能。为探求艇、筏的合理布设位置，使用了概率论中的正态分布理论。引举实例，在舰中一弹的前提下，靠近艉部的艇被导弹直接击毁的概率下降为靠近舯部艇的约1／40，安全性显著提高。因此艇、筏应尽可能地布设在战舰的艏艉两端。经过分析推荐了几个比较合理的建议性方案。

Discussion on Rational Arrangement of Lifeboats in Combat Ships

Boats and crafts designed for lifesaving are generally located in the position closed to the midship of the combat ships. Some of the lifeboats or life-crafts are even positioned near the funnel where the signatures such as sound, infrared, magnetic fields are the strongest, and make the equipments vulnerable to the missile or bomb attack, and lead to a great loss of crew lives. In this paper, normal distribution theory of the probability is used for a rational design of the life-craft or lifeboat arrangement in combat ships. Through a case study that the ship is hit by one missile attack, the crafts near the stern where its hit probability is reduced to one fortieth of that near the midship. It is found that the crafts for lifesaving should be arranged near the two ends of the ship as practicable as possible. Some design options based on that study are proposed.