多列车限售策略和铁路票额预分方案的优化设计

铁路客票限售策略能够在预分方案中给予长途客流一定的优先,同时显著影响旅客选择各列车的概率。基于此,应用随机效用理论构建限售策略下的旅客乘车效用函数,描述旅客在限售策略下对多列车的选择行为。以列车输送的最大人公里为优化目标,以列车输送能力、旅客总需求、限售执行条件等为约束条件,建立多列车限售策略和票额预分模型,采用模拟退火算法对模型求解,得到优化的多列车解除限售时间点、各列车限售站位置和各列车、各OD之间分配的票额。算例分析表明:与传统的限售站决策方法对比,该模型实现了多列车限售时段、限售区段和票额预分方案的联合优化设计,支持对限售站位置与解限时间的优化决策,生成的票额预分方案能更好地协调多列车所承担的客流关系,达到整体优化的效果。

Optimal Design for Section-Control Strategy and Railway Ticket Pre-Assignment Scheme of Multiple Trains

Section-control strategy gives long-haul passengers certain priority in the pre-assignment of high-speed railway tickets, and it significantly affects the probability of passengers selecting their trains. Thus, the random utility theory is applied to construct a passenger utility function to describe passenger choice behavior among multiple trains under section-control strategy. Taking the maximum passenger kilometers as the optimization objective, a multi- train section-control strategy and ticket pre-assignment model is established based on the train capacity, total passenger demand and section-control conditions. By simulated annealing algorithm, three variables can be optimized: time to cancel the section-control, the boundary station of controlled and uncontrolled sections and the amount of tickets allocated on each train for each OD. An example shows that compared with traditional methods, the proposed model can realize the integrated optimal design for the section-control strategy and the ticket pre-assignment of multiple trains, and support the optimal decision-making for the location and release time of section-control station. The generated ticket pre-assignment scheme can better coordinate the relationship of passenger flow on multiple trains and achieve an overall optimization effect.