正面碰撞后排女性乘员颈部损伤研究及改进方案验证

针对正面碰撞工况中乘用车后排5%女性乘员颈部损伤问题，对乘员颈部损伤与乘员运动及安全带约束之间的关系进行研究，建立颈部损伤机理矩阵分析模型，提出基于安全带力作用的碰撞过程三区间分段分析改进方案，并通过整车试验对比验证了该改进方案的有效性。结果表明，该方案颈部拉伸力F_z平均降低32%，颈部伸展力矩M_ocy平均降低67%，头部损伤指标HIC₁₅平均降低61%，提高了后排5%女性乘员头颈部的碰撞安全性。

Investigating Neck Injuries in Female Rear-Row Occupants During Frontal Crashes and Validating the Optimization Scheme

Aiming to address the issue of neck injuries that occur in 5% of female rear-row occupants during frontal vehicle collisions, the paper studies the relationship between occupant neck injuries, occupant movement and seatbelt restraints. A matrix model for neck injury mechanism analysis was established. An optimization scheme was proposed based on the analysis conducted across three intervals of the crash process under seatbelt force restraints, and the effectiveness of the optimization scheme was assessed and verified through a comparison with the real vehicle test results. The results show that the neck stretching force Fz is reduced on average by 32%, the neck extension moment Mocy is decreased by an average of 67%,and the head injury index HIC15 is reduced on average by 61%. The crash safety of the head and neck of the 5% female rear-row passengers has been improved.