换道过程中驾驶人感知操作的模式发现与规则挖掘

为发现高速公路下自由换道过程中眼睛感知-手脚操作之间的时序关联性，探索感知与操作相互作用的内在机理，采用驾驶模拟舱进行高速公路驾驶实验，采集眼动数据和车辆运行数据；分别提取换道瞬时和换道全过程的眼睛感知-手脚操作的特征；采用Aprior算法从换道瞬时和换道全过程两个角度发现眼睛感知-手脚操作的频繁模式，挖掘它们的关联规则。对于瞬时感知-操作，左换道发现13种频繁3项集模式，右换道发现18种频繁3项集模式；对于全过程感知- 操作，左换道发现4种频繁模式，右换道发现3种频繁模式。左右换道各自挖掘到6条有实际价值的关联规则。对频繁模式和规则分析发现：右换道比左换道需要较多的感知时间、较复杂的手脚操作行为。发现的频繁模式和挖掘的关联规则描述了自由换道过程中感知操作的特征和它们之间的关联性，能够为安全换道提供参考，为无人驾驶换道操作提供支撑。

Pattern Discovery and Rule Mining of Drivers' Perception and Operation During Lane Changing Process

To find the correlation between eye perceiving and hand- foot operating during the process of discretionary lane changing on the highway, and to explore the mechanism of the interaction between perception and operation, a driving simulator was used to carry out a highway driving experiment. Eye movement data and vehicle operation data were collected. Features of eye perceiving and hand-foot operating for an instant and during the whole process of lane changing were extracted. The Aprior algorithm was used to find frequent patterns and mine association rules of eye perceiving and hand- foot operating. For the instantaneous perception- operation, 13 frequent 3-itemset patterns were found in left lane changing and 18 frequent 3- itemset patterns were found in right lane changing. For the whole process, 4 frequent patterns were found in left lane changing and 3 frequent patterns were found in right lane changing. Six valuable association rules were found in the left lane and the right lane, respectively. Through the analysis of frequent patterns and association rules, right lane changing needs more perception time and more complicated handfoot operating behavior than left lane changing. The frequent patterns and association rules describe the characteristics of perception- operation and the association between them in the process of discretionary lane changing, which can provide the reference for safe lane changing and support for lane changing operations of unmanned vehicles.