Time of day intervals partition for bus schedule using GPS data |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China;2. School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China;1. Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 201804, China;2. California Department of Transportation, 111 Grand Ave, Oakland, CA 94612, United States;1. Transport Research Institute, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK;2. Kyoto University, Department of Urban Management, C1-2-436, Katsura Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan;3. Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds University, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;1. Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands;2. KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden;1. School of Civil and Building Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, United Kingdom;2. School of Aeronautical and Automotive Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, United Kingdom;1. Department of Transport and Planning, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands;2. Department of Transport Science, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | Time of day partition of bus operating hours is a prerequisite of bus schedule design. Reasonable partition plan is essential to improve the punctuality and level of service. In most mega cities, bus vehicles have been equipped with global positioning system (GPS) devices, which is convenient for transit agency to monitor bus operations. In this paper, a new algorithm is developed based on GPS data to partition bus operating hours into time of day intervals. Firstly, the impacts of passenger demand and network traffic state on bus operational performance are analyzed. Then bus dwell time at stops and inter-stop travel time, which can be attained based on GPS data, are selected as partition indexes. For buses clustered in the same time-of-day interval, threshold values of differences in dwell time at stops and inter-stop travel time are determined. The buses in the same time-of-day interval should have adjacent dispatching numbers, which is set as a constraint. Consequently, a partition algorithm with three steps is developed. Finally, a bus route in Suzhou China is taken as an example to validate the algorithm. Three partition schemes are given by setting different threshold values for the two partition indexes. The present scheme in practice is compared with the three proposed schemes. To balance the number of ToD intervals and partition precision, a Benefit Evaluation Index is proposed, for a better time-of-day interval plan. |
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| Keywords: | Bus schedule Time-of-day intervals Partition algorithm Historic GPS data |
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