基于Bowtie和RCM的大型海工平台拖航作业风险控制

为对平台拖航风险有效地进行识别、分析和控制,提出一种基于领结法(Bowtie)和改进的以可靠性为中心的维修(Reliablity Centered Maintenance, RCM)风险控制方法。在对大型海工平台拖航作业特点进行分析的基础上,运用Bowtie模型对拖航作业系统风险进行辨识,形成初步的风险应对措施,利用失效和影响分析(Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, FMEA)法对系统风险进行量化评价,对风险等级较高的故障模式进行危险与可操作性分析(Hazard and Operability Analysis, HAZOP)分析,并利用逻辑决断的方法,得出相关的风险预控措施及事故缓解措施。经拖航实践应用表明:该方法有助于对拖航作业每一个重要环节的风险进行控制,从而提升拖航作业的安全性。

Risk Control for Large Offshore Platform Towing on Bowtie and RCM

A new RCM(Reliability Centered Maintenance)method based on Bowtie is proposed for effectively identifying, analyzing and controlling the risks involved in towing large offshore platform. The risks are identified by means of Bowtie model on the basis of the analysis of the characteristics of the large-scale offshore platform. The preliminary risk response measures are formed, and the systemic risk is evaluated quantitatively with FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) method. The HAZOP(Hazard and Operability Analysis) analysis is carried out for the fault modes of high risk level. The risk control measures and the mitigation measures are concluded through logical decisions. Real operations show that this method is effective in helping control the risk at every important stage of the towing operation.