公交与右转混合型专用道仿真分析及效益评价

为解决设置公交专用道所带来的道路资源利用率低,相邻车道交通压力增大,专用道分时段开启致使社会车辆行驶混乱等问题,基于车种分离思想,提出一种公交车辆与右转车辆混合专用道的组织方式,允许公交车辆与右转社会车辆共用一条车道,以寻求保持公交优先与减少对社会车辆影响的平衡点。为论证该方案的可行性,首先,针对所研究的道路环境,提出了基于流量生成模型与配时优化模型的车道组仿真流程;随后,在考虑红灯时右转车辆行驶特性的前提下,建立了人均延误和车均延误的双指标评价矩阵模型;最后,分别在MATLAB和VISSIM仿真平台上,实现了对传统车道组、公交与右转混合型专用道车道组和公交专用道车道组3种方案的效益评价,并对其中的关键影响因素进行分析。仿真结果表明:所提出的公交与右转混合型专用道车道组的总体车均延误与人均延误在大多情况下处于较低水平,而公交专用道车道组和普通车道组也具有各自的优势区域;公交与右转混合型专用道的车道组织方式可以在保证社会车辆延误不明显增加的情况下,有效确保公交车辆的优先性,在一定条件下具有适用性,在工程实践中可作为公交专用道的过渡或替代方案。

Simulation Analysis and Benefit Evaluation of Bus and Right Turn Exclusive Lanes

Setting a lane to be exclusively for bus use often causes problems such as low utilization of road resources, increased traffic pressure in adjacent lanes, and chaotic driving in different time period. To address these problems, this paper proposes a method of creating bus and right-turn-exclusive lanes based on the concept of vehicle separation. The method allows buses to share a lane with right-turn vehicles in order to achieve a balance between maintaining bus priority and reducing the impact on private-use vehicles. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of the scheme in accordance with the road research environment, this work first proposed a lane group simulation flow based on the traffic generation and timing optimization models. Then, the average vehicle delay and per capita delay were used as the evaluation indices to establish a dual-indicator-delay comprehensive evaluation matrix model considering the driving characteristics of right-turn vehicles and red lights. Finally, the model was applied using MATLAB and VISSIM, to analyze and evaluate the benefits of three models:a traditional lane model, a bus-and right-turn-exclusive lane model, and an exclusive bus lane model. The analysis of the key influencing factors was also included. The results indicate that the average vehicle delay and per capita delay in the bus and right-turn-exclusive lane model are lower in most situations, although the exclusive-bus-lane and traditional lane models also have their respective advantages. This work concludes that the bus and right-turn-exclusive lane model is suitable under certain conditions, and it can effectively prioritize buses to reduce delays for private vehicles. The scheme is suitable as a transitional or alternative model to the exclusive bus lane model in engineering practice.