德国不限速高速公路路面平整度评价方法综述

平整度是衡量路面质量、评价行车舒适度的重要指标。德国拥有12.993万km的高速公路,其中约2/3的路段没有速度限制,因此德国交通管理部门对路面的功能性和安全性提出了极高的要求。针对上述课题,首先介绍中国"超级公路"的建设背景和需求,强调德国路面的平整度指标对中国道路建设的重要借鉴意义;然后回顾国内外道路平整度的评价和预测等研究手段与方法,介绍德国基于功率谱密度曲线的平均不平整指数（AUN）,分析将功率谱密度曲线转化为高度-波长曲线的优点,叙述考虑人车振动反应的有效平整度指数（LWI）,简述加权纵断面评价方法（WLP）的思路和步骤;最后总结德国路面平整度评价体系的发展趋势和对于中国道路平整度研究的借鉴与应用前景。

Overview on Evaluation Methods of Pavement Evenness for Pavements Without Speed Limitations in Germany

Pavement evenness is a vital indicator for evaluating pavement performance. An excellent pavement surface can contribute to vehicle comfort, extending the life of both the vehicle and pavement. The traffic mileage of Germany has increased to 120993 km, ranking at the fourth place globally. Two-thirds of the pavement system in Germany has no driving speed limitations, owing to strict norms from German transportation department on pavement performance and traffic security. This paper first discusses the concept of "Super Highway", giving its background and the need for it. Then, different aspects of the indicator academic research and the methodology of predicting and evaluating pavement roughness are summarized. Next the pavement roughness indicators are systematically introduced, including Average Unevenness Index (AUN) with target value, warning value, and threshold value. The advantages of transferring the Power Spectral Density (PSD) into Height-Wavelength Index are also analyzed. Considering the dynamic effects of passengers and vehicles, the Effective Evenness Index (LWI) and Weighted Longitudinal Profile (WLP) are also presented along with their design intensions and associated procedures. Finally, the potential values of pavement roughness indicators from Germany are summarized to stimulate the development of pavement roughness research in China.