高性能聚氨酯透水混合料关键性能研究

透水路面铺装是海绵城市道路建设的重要组成部分，由高性能聚氨酯透水混合料（PUPM）构筑的环境友好型透水路面铺装展现出了独特的应用价值。为进一步明确PUPM的路用关键性能，参照国家及行业现行标准和规范，采用室内试验的方式，基于力学性能、功能特性以及空隙细观特性探索了PUPM与多孔沥青混合料（PA）的差异性。通过单轴压缩试验、单轴动态蠕变试验、低温抗裂性能和水稳定性能试验，评价了其力学性能；通过透水性能试验、抗剥落性能试验和吸声性能试验，评价了其功能特性；采用X-ray CT技术，选用空隙率、空隙等效半径、有效空隙率以及迂曲度等空隙细观结构参数，评价了其细观结构特性。结果表明：PUPM在20℃条件下的单轴抗压强度为17~19 MPa，较PA具有更强的抵抗永久变形能力、抵抗低温开裂能力、抵抗低温荷载破坏能力和抵抗水损害的能力；PUPM的透水能力约为PA的4倍，在长时间磨光作用下展现出良好的抗剥落性能，同时具有良好的吸声性能；PUPM空隙率为28%~29%，空隙等效半径等空隙细观结构参数沿试件纵向呈现出不均匀分布状态；PUPM相较PA具有更大的空隙等效半径、有效空隙率及迂曲度。PUPM因其具有出色的力学性能和功能特性，在透水路面铺装方面具有更广阔的应用前景。

Key Properties of High-performance Polyurethane Bounded Pervious Mixture

The implementation of permeable pavements on roads is an important step in the construction of a sponge city. The environment-friendly permeable pavement made of high-performance polyurethane bounded pervious mixture (PUPM) shows unique application values. In order to further clarify the key performance of PUPM, the mechanical, functional, and mesoscopic properties were compared with those of porous asphalt mixture (PA) through laboratory tests based on the current standards and specifications issued by the country and industry. The uniaxial compression test, uniaxial dynamic-creep test, low-temperature crack-resistance test, and water-stability test were conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties; the permeability test, anti-stripping performance test, and noise absorption performance test were carried out to evaluate the functional properties. Meanwhile, the indexes of air void content, equivalent radius, effective air void content, and tortuosity were utilized to investigate the internal structures using X-ray CT technology. The results show that the uniaxial compressive strength of PUPM is approximately 17-19 MPa at 20℃, and it exhibits distinguished deformation resistance, low-temperature cracking resistance, low-temperature load resistance, and water damage resistance when compared with PA. The functional test shows that the water permeability of PUPM is approximately four times that of PA. Moreover, PUPM shows more excellent anti-stripping performance under long-time polishing conditions, and exhibits significant noise-absorption performance. The air void content of PUPM is approximately 28%-29%; the equivalent radius and the other void meso-structural indexes demonstrate non-uniform distributions along the height. Compared to PA, PUPM has a larger equivalent radius, effective void fraction, and tortuosity. To conclude, PUMP has better application prospects in the permeable-pavement constructions due to its excellent mechanical and functional properties.