渗透结晶型材料添加剂对水泥浆液性能影响试验

为获得可用于治理隧道渗漏水的高性能水泥浆液，选取具有优良防水抗渗性能的水泥基渗透结晶型防水涂料Penetron，将其以添加剂的形式加入到水泥浆液中，添加量为水泥总质量的0.6%～1.6%。参照规范使用维卡仪、旋转黏度仪等仪器对水泥浆液黏度、凝结时间和结石率进行研究，使用自行设计的渗透系数测定仪研究注浆体抗渗性能，通过抗压强度试验研究标准养护和全水域养护条件下浆液结石体、注浆体的力学性能，通过SEM扫描试验对添加Penetron的浆液结石体微观结构进行分析。结果表明：Penetron对水泥浆液黏度和凝结时间无负面影响，随着添加量的增多，浆液结石率显著提高，当添加量为1.6%时，浆液结石率可达98.7%；Penetron可改变注浆体内部孔隙结构，有效降低水泥浆液渗透系数，提高注浆体抗渗性能，当添加量从0%增加至1.6%时，注浆体渗透系数从5.03×10^-7 m·s^-1降低至3.40×10^-8 m·s^-1；Penetron的加入还可提高水泥浆液固结体的抗压强度，标准养护28 d，添加量为1.6%的注浆体抗压强度为5.36 MPa；在添加有Penetron的浆液结石体高倍SEM扫描图像中可见树枝状结晶体存在，且结晶体数量随Penetron添加量的增加而增多。根据试验结果和Penetron在水泥浆液中的作用机理分析，证明该材料可作为水泥浆液添加剂使用，当添加量为水泥总质量的1.4%～1.6%时，可获得用于治理隧道渗漏水的高性能注浆材料。

Experiment on Effect of Capillary Crystalline Material Additives on Cement Slurry Performance

In order to prevent tunnel leakage, the capillary crystalline material, Penetron, was added to cement slurry as an additive to obtain high-performance cement slurry. The added Penetron comprised 0.6%-1.6% of the total cement contents. The viscosity, setting time, and rate of consolidation of the slurry were studied using Vicat Apparatus, Rotational Viscometers, and other instruments. The impermeability of the grouting materials was studied using a self-designed permeability coefficient determination apparatus. Compressive strength tests were used to study the mechanical properties of the grouting materials under standard conditions and conditions of whole water areas. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the microstructures of the grouting materials. The results show that Penetron has almost no negative effect on the viscosity or setting time of cement slurry, while it can significantly increase the rate of consolidation of cement slurry. When the amount of addition is 1.6%, the rate of consolidation reaches 98.7%. Penetron can change the pore structure, effectively reduce the permeability coefficient, and improve the impermeability of cement slurry. As the addition amount increases from 0% to 1.6%, the permeability coefficient of the grouting materials decreases from 5.03×10^-7 m·s^-1 to 3.40×10^-8 m·s^-1. Penetron can also increase the compressive strength of slurry. For the standard curing time of 28 days and the addition amount of 1.6%, the compression strength of the grouting material is 5.36 MPa. The SEM analysis shows dendritic crystals in high-magnification images of cement slurry containing Penetron, and the number of crystals increases as the added amount of Penetron increases. Based on the experimental results and the mechanism of Penetron in cement slurry, Penetron can be used as a cement slurry additive. When the amount of Penetron is approximately 1.4% to 1.6% of the total cement, high-performance waterproof grouting materials for treating tunnel leakages are obtained.