潮段平均流速计算方法研究

在海岸、河口、海湾等地区,潮流是最基本海水运动和主要的水动力因素之一,受海底地形、岸线和岛屿的影响,潮流运动基本呈现为往复运动,即涨潮流速和落潮流速方向相反,相差180°左右。描述往复运动潮流动力强弱的重要指标之一是潮段平均流速和潮平均流速。结合实际海区的实测潮过程,文中对潮段平均流速的3种计算方法和对水文全潮的潮平均流速的3种计算方法进行了对比研究。研究结果表明,不同的计算方法其结果存在着误差,建议潮段平均流速采用积分平均方法,潮平均流速计算采用加权平均法。

Study on methods to calculate average tidal current velocity during flood tide or ebb tide

In coastal,estuarine and bay waters,tidal current is the basic sea water movement and one of main hydrodynamic factors.Affected by bottom topography,coastline and islands, the tidal current assumes itself to-and-fro movement,that is,the flood current and ebb current are basically in the opposite direction,with difference of about 180°.One of the important indexes to depict to-and-fro tidal current force is tidal average current velocity during flood tide or ebb tide.Integrating measured tidal current process in practical sea area,this paper carries out studies and comparisons on three methods to calculate tidal average current velocity during flood tide or ebb tide and three methods to calculate tidal average current velocity in a complete tidal cycle.The study shows that there exist differences in the results from different methods.It is suggested that tidal average current velocity during flood tide or ebb tide be calculated by integral method and tidal average current velocity in a complete tidal cycle by weighting average method.