云南省高速公路气象灾害风险特征分析与应对

利用2013年～2015年云南省15条主要高速公路气象灾害风险普查和2016年高速公路气象敏感度调查数据,研究了云南省高速公路主要气象灾害风险特征、灾害成因,并提出了应对措施。研究结果表明:(1)云南省高速公路气象灾害隐患点主要集中在昆明、曲靖、楚雄、玉溪、普洱、文山和昭通北部等地区,从区域分布看,曲靖的隐患点数量最多为16个,从路段看,G56杭瑞高速隐患点数量最多为30个;(2)路面结冰、大雾、强降雨和团雾是影响云南省高速公路的主要气象灾害,占总数的94.4%,道路结冰是造成交通部门封路的主要气象灾害,占云南3年总封路次数的58.1%;(3)云南高速公路交通气象灾害主要是由于独特的地形、干湿分明的季节变化和相应的天气系统造成的;(4)制定了云南省高速公路气象灾害预警指标,并提出行车建议。

Analysis on Meteorological Disasters Risk Characteristics of Expressway Traffic and Responses in Yunnan Province

Based on the data of risk survey of meteorological disasters on 15major expressways in Yunnan Province from 2013to 2015and meteorological sensitivity survey of expressways in 2016,the risk characteristics and causes of major meteorological disasters on highways in Yunnan province are studied,and countermeasures are put forward.The results show that:(1)the potential points of meteorological disasters on highways in Yunnan Province concentrate on Kunming,Qujin,Chuxiong,Yuxi,Pu′er,Wenshan and north Zhaotong.On the regional distribution,Qujing has the highest number of potential danger points.From the perspective of road sections,G56Hangzhou-Ruili Expressway has the highest number of hidden danger points.(2)The major meteorological disasters on highways in Yunnan Province are road icing,fog,heavy rainfall and agglomerate fog,accounting for 97.4%of the total.Road icing is the main meteorological disaster that cause close of road traffic,accounting for 58.1%of the total road closure times in Yunnan form 2013to 2015.(3)The traffic meteorological disasters of Yunnan highway are mainly caused by the unique terrain,the seasonal change of dry and wet and the corresponding weather system.(4)The early warning indexes of meteorological disaster on highway in Yunnan Province are developed and travel suggestions are put forward.