重载列车车辆轮轨作用研究

通过对不同轴重、不同踏面外形和不同钢轨的轮轨接触最大应力的计算,得出轮轨接触应力随轴重、踏面和钢轨的变化情况。分析比较理论计算和试验结果,验证理论研究方法的正确性。研究表明:轮轨接触应力随着轴重的提高而增加;在运用初期轮轨磨耗量随运行里程增加急剧上升;随着轮轨间的进一步磨合,轮轨接触应力和磨耗量将稳定在一定水平;轴重从21 t提高到23 t,轮轨磨耗量增加80%左右;轴重从21 t提高到25 t,轮轨磨耗量增加150%左右;提高钢轨的重量等级,可以在增加车辆轴重的同时有效地降低轮轨接触应力及减少轮轨磨耗。

Research on Wheel/Rail Action of Heavy Haul Train

According the wheel/rail contact theory, the relation of axle load and contact stress is deduced. Via the calculations for the maximum contact stress between the difference axle load, difference profile of wheel tread and rail, the contact stress changing with axle load, tread and rail is elicited. Comparing the theoretic calculation and test results, the theoretic analysis method is validated. The results show that the contact stress will increase by raising the axle load. The wear will worsen following running mileages in early days of the using prophase. Subsequently, the wheel/rail contact stress and wear will keep a constant level by the running-in of wheel and rail. The wear will raise 80 percent by axle load increases from 21 t to 23 t, and about 150 percent, from 21 t to 25 t. It is also obtained that the wheel/rail contact stress will decrease and the wear will be lessened when the rank of rail weight is improved and at the same time the axle load is increasd.