基于可达性的城市群交通网络公平性分析

研究交通网络的可达性和公平性有助于更好地把握城市群范围内不同城市的发展水平和差异，更具针对性地制定规划和功能提升策略。利用实时路径规划数据，获取公路及公路衔接高铁两出行场景下的出行成本，运用Arcgis工具分析城市群内交通网络可达性；提出基尼系数与泰尔指数双指标公平性测度思路，对比分析其可达性差异特征；以关中平原城市群为例进行验证。结果表明：城市群范围内高铁网络的可达性水平整体高于公路网络，但存在部分地区(无高铁站点)高铁出行可达性低于公路网络出行；公路网络可达性呈现出由核心城市逐级递减的格局，高铁网络呈现出沿线路廊道向两侧递减的格局；出行时间可达性数量分布具有一定的正态特征，而空间可达性分布则显示出指数分布特征；两出行场景下的可达性分布均表现为不公平，基于经济发展水平的可达性分布不公平性更强；高铁网络加剧了城市间的时间可达性差异，但缩小了城市间的经济潜力差距。

Equity Analysis of Transportation Networks in UrbanAgglomerations Based on Accessibility

Studying the accessibility and equity of travel networks can better understand the development level anddifferences of cities within the urban agglomeration, and formulate plans and strategies. The travel data is obtainedbased on route planning data from Internet maps under highway traffic and the connected high-speed railway (HSR).By using ArcGIS, the accessibility of transportation networks within urban agglomerations was analyzed. The equitymeasurement technique of the Gini coefficient and Theil index was proposed to analyze the accessibility differencecharacteristics. Taking the Guanzhong Plain Urban Agglomeration as a case example, the results show that theaccessibility level of the HSR is higher than that of the highway, but the areas not covered by HSR stations are lower.The highway accessibility shows a decreasing pattern from the center cities to two sides, and the HSR accessibilityshows a decreasing pattern along the rail corridor to two sides. The distribution of the travel time and spatialaccessibility in urban agglomeration follows normal and exponential distribution characteristics, respectively. Theaccessibility under both scenarios shows inequity, and the distribution of accessibility based on economic developmentlevel is more inequitable. The HSR increases the differences in the time accessibility between cities, but it reduces theeconomic potential gap.