装配式地铁车站预制构件加工质量检验与安装精度预测

为解决装配式地铁车站工程预制构件常因质量检验工作任务繁重且误差较大而造成质量不合格及无法精准安装的问题，将BIM+三维激光扫描技术应用于装配式地铁车站工程预制构件生产质量检验中，通过建立预制构件BIM模型与三维点云模型进行虚拟预拼装，检验加工精度，避免现场安装过程中因构件质量问题而造成浪费。运用灰色预测方法构建GM（1，1）灰色预测模型，预测装配式地铁车站多个预制构件拼装后的累计误差，并以此对虚拟预拼装检验结果进行对比验证。结果表明： 1）本次质量检验的7块构件加工误差均在规范允许范围内； 2）整环累计拼装误差为13.920 mm，其中，C1块与D块间拼装误差达4.150 mm，其他相邻块纵缝间隙均小于3 mm； 3）虚拟预拼装误差检验结果与GM（1，1）模型灰色预测结果拟合较好，最大偏差仅为0.407 mm。

Processing Quality Inspection and Installation Accuracy Prediction ofPrefabricated Metro Components

During the assembly of prefabricated metro components, poor installation quality and accuracy problems often arise due to heavy quality inspection works and large errors. Thus, building information modeling(BIM) and three dimensional (3D) laser scanning technology are adopted to mitigate these problems. Using BIM and 3D point cloud modeling for prefabricated components, virtual preassembly is performed to check the processing accuracy to avoid unnecessary waste due to component quality problems in the onsite installation process. Then, the gray prediction method is used to construct the gray model GM (1, 1) to predict the cumulative error of the assembly of multiple prefabricated components in the prefabricated metro station and employed to compare and verify the virtual preassembly inspection results. The findings of this study are as follows. (1) The processing errors of seven components in the quality inspection are all within the specification range. (2) The cumulative assembly error, assembly error between blocks C1 and D, and the gap between the longitudinal seams of other adjacent blocks of the entire ring are13.920, 4.150, and <3 mm. (3) The virtual preassembly error test results fit well with the gray prediction results of the GM (1, 1) model, and the maximum error is only 0.407mm.