灵活检修工艺下地铁车辆架大修作业调度优化方法

架大修作业调度方案是影响架大修作业效率的关键，其制定的重要依据是车辆检修工艺。首先，分析以人工调度为主的车辆架大修工艺的局限，根据车辆架大修作业的项目分解结构、工艺次序关系和执行对象，建立基于灵活检修工艺的车辆架大修作业调度优化模型，实现列车库内检修作业时间最小化；其次，针对模型中存在复杂次序关系约束的特点，设计改进的遗传算法进行求解；最后，通过对多种场景下车辆架大修作业调度优化方案开展案例研究，验证模型与算法的正确性和有效性。案例研究结果表明：采用灵活检修工艺可有效缩短车辆库内检修时间，显著提高架大修的作业效率，较 3 种对比检修工艺，架大修平均作业时间分别下降 22.3%，15.2%，11.1%；双列同步作业时，采用不同修程混合维修模式，可有效降低维修作业瓶颈的影响。

Flexible Process-based Optimum Unwheeling and Overhaul Repair Scheduling for Metro Vehicles

The maintenance schedule is one of the key issues for improving the efficiency of unwheeling and overhaul repairs (UWOR), which is determined and implemented according to the maintenance process. With an analysis of traditional maintenance processes that mainly rely on manual scheduling, a flexible maintenance process is proposed in this study. Based on the structure decomposition, task sequence relationship, and execution object of tasks within the UWOR project, a maintenance scheduling model considering a flexible job-shop scheduling problem (FJSP) is proposed to minimize the whole duration of the UWOR project. An adapted genetic algorithm is arranged to solve the complicated model due to the comprehensive sequence relationship among maintenance tasks. The schedules of UWOR in various scenarios are figured out to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the models and algorithms. The case studies show that flexible process-based maintenance reduces the duration of a UWOR project and improves its operational efficiency. The average duration of a UWOR project decreased by 22.3% , 15.2% , and 11.1% , respectively, compared with other three maintenance processes. The synchronization between unwheeling and overhaul repairs can alleviate the bottlenecks of maintenance work if two trains are simultaneously repaired.