Grille design for passenger car to improve aerodynamic and cooling performance using CFD technique

Grille opening shape for small passenger car is designed numerically by using parametric study. Key geometric parameters to design a grille opening configuration are represented by vertical height, horizontal width, size, linear deformation, position, and blockage. Numerical study investigates the effects of those key parameters on the aerodynamic drag and the grille inlet flow rate, which are very important to the aerodynamic performance as well as the powertrain cooling performance of the car. Flow simulations are performed at the velocity of 110 km/h inflow condition. The outflow boundary condition is implemented by pressure outlet condition of atmospheric pressure. Moving wall condition of 110 km/h is set on the ground.