Identifying contributions of on-road motor vehicles to urban air pollution using travel demand model data |
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| Authors: | Guihua Wang Song Bai Joan M. Ogden |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;2. Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;3. Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;1. Transport Research and Injury Prevention Program, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, 110016, India;2. Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV, 89512, USA;3. Center for Climate Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, 400076, India;1. China Center for Energy Economics Research, School of Economics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China;2. School of Economics and Finance, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi''an, Shaanxi 710061, China;1. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, 171 Goessmann, 686 North Pleasant St, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;2. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, USA;1. School of Environment, and State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;3. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China;1. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;2. Center for Health Policy Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA |
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| Abstract: | Ambient concentrations of pollutants are correlated with emissions, but the contribution to ambient air quality of on-road mobile sources is not necessarily equal to their contribution to regional emissions. This is true for several reasons such as the distribution of other pollution sources and regional topology, as well as meteorology. In this paper, using a dataset from a travel demand model for the Sacramento metropolitan area for 2005, regional vehicle emissions are disaggregated into hourly, gridded emission inventories, and transportation-related concentrations are estimated using an atmospheric dispersion model. Contributions of on-road motor vehicles to urban air pollution are then identified at a regional scale. The contributions to ambient concentrations are slightly higher than emission fractions that transportation accounts for in the region, reflecting that relative to other major pollution sources, mobile sources tend to have a close proximity to air quality monitors in urban areas. The contribution results indicate that the impact of mobile sources on PM10 is not negligible, and mobile sources have a significant influence on both NOx and VOC pollution that subsequently results in secondary particulate matter and ozone formation. |
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