轮式车辆“水滑”现象的初始条件

轮式车辆在积水路面行驶时会发生"水滑",从而给行驶安全造成危害,已为驾驶人员所共知。工程技术人员对此作了一些的实验性工作,并得出了实验公式。该公式虽体现了车轮胎压的影响,但对于另一个主要参数———水深的影响缺少合理的表述。本文结合实验公式并考虑到水深、胎压、车速等条件,应用动量转换原理和液流斜楔动压理论对此现象进行了分析,得出了理论公式,该公式对水滑现象作出了比较合理的解释。

Initial Conditions of Water Slip of Wheeled Vehicles

It has been well known that the driver must be careful to avoid "water slip" when driving a wheeled vehicle on the ground covered by a layer of water, which would cause serious accidents. Engineers have conducted many experiments to study the phenomenon and concluded an empirical formula. However, this formula only considered the factor of tire pressure, while ignored the water depth and other factors. Based on the momentum theory and liquid wedge principle, this paper derived formulae with considerations of factors such as water depth, tire pressure, vehicle speed, and so on, which could more reasonably explain the "water slip".