我国公交企业经营现状的调查分析与建议

城市公交企业是城市公共交通服务的提供者，企业的经营状况直接影响到提供服务的动力，进而影响到整个公交系统的运转。依托交通运输主管部门开展的权威企业调查数据，从微观角度对11个城市76家公交企业的生产经营现状、偿债能力、财政补贴、成本费用构成情况等进行了分析。分析结果显示：调查的样本企业中95％的企业经营亏损，16％的企业资不抵债，企业获得的政府财政补贴能够弥补运营成本的35．9％左右，50％的企业单纯从事城市公交服务。在此基础上，参考了欧洲、日本、香港等地的公交发展经验，分别从政府加强扶持、企业改进自身管理水平等方面提出了推动公交企业走出经营困局的路径设想。

Microscopic Analysis on Current Situation of Public Transport Enterprises-Based on The Survey Data

Urban public transport enterprises are urban public transport service providers. Their performance directly affects the motivation of providing public transport services. Further influences the whole urban public transport system＇s running. Basing on transportation authorities＇ survey data of 76 authoritative, urban public transport enterprise of the 11 cities have been analyzed on their running performance, debt paying ability, fiscal subsidies and cost structure.The analysis result says that 95% enterprises suffer business loss, 16% enterprises are in accounting insolvency. Government fiscal subsidies can make up about 35.9% of the running costs, 50% enterprises simply engage in urban public transport services only. On this basis, with reference of Europe, Japan, Hong Kong and other places＇ urban public transport development experience, this essay sets a solution route to push public transport enterprises out of business dilemma from two angles of strengthening government support and improving enterprises, their own management level.