有砟轨道动刚度特性研究

为充分了解轨道动力特性,对有砟轨道动刚度展开研究。通过建立有砟轨道力学模型,分析0~2 000 Hz范围内轨道动刚度的振动特性,得出:轨道动刚度相对于轨道静刚度是随激振频率变化的,轨道动刚度在低频段受激振频率变化影响较小,在中、高频段内轨道动刚度振动幅值随激振频率变化而变化,是系统的固有特性,需通过对构件刚度、阻尼等参数调节。阻尼系数对轨道动刚度的幅值有影响,但不改变轨道的共振频率。质量阻尼系数对轨道动刚度波动范围及幅值的影响小于刚度阻尼系数的影响。阻尼系数增大,轨道动刚度波动幅值增大。

Study on Dynamic Stiffness of Ballasted Track

In order to understand the dynamic characteristics of rail track,a mechanical model of ballast railway track is developed to analyze the dynamic stiffness under excitation frequency ranging from 0Hz to2000 Hz. The dynamic stiffness varies with excitation frequency,which is different from the static stiffness. The excitation frequency has little effect on dynamic stiffness in case of low frequency,but the amplitude varies with the excitation frequency in mid and high frequencies. As it is an inherent characteristic, such measures as adjusting the stiffness or damping of components can be taken to diminish the effect. The damping coefficient ofthe railway track has some effect on the amplitude of dynamic stiffness but has no effect on resonant frequency. Mass damping coefficient has a smaller effect on the scope and amplitude of dynamic stiffness than stiffness damping coefficient. The amplitude of dynamic stiffness increases with the increasing of damping coefficient.