基于舒适性和轮胎动载的车辆悬架参数优化

为了改善汽车行驶的舒适性并减小轮胎对路面的动载，以某载货汽车为研究对象，建立了多目标优化模型，并采用统一目标函数法对车辆悬架参数进行优化。优化结果表明：优化后悬架刚度减小而阻尼增大，且前悬架参数变化较小，后悬架参数变化较大；相比于优化前，车身垂直方向加速度均方根值减小了20％，前轮动栽均方根值减小了40％，后轮变化更显著，减小了49％；采用多目标优化设计方法不仅可提高车辆自身的舒适性，而且可减小轮胎对路面的动载。

Optimization of Vehicle Suspension Parameters Based on Comfort and Tyre Dynamic Load

In order to improve vehicle ride comfort and to reduce tyre dynamic load to ground, vehicle model was established for the study of multiple objectives with a truck. The unified objective function method was used for the optimization of vehicle suspension parameters. The optimization results indicate that the values of suspension stiffness decrease and the values of suspension damping increase. The variety of front suspension parameters is less than that of back. Compared with the former, root-mean-square of vertical acceleration of vehicle body decreases by 20%, root-mean-square of dynamic load of front-wheel decreases by 40%, and that of rear-wheel decreases remarkably by 49 %. It is shown that using this method not only improves the ride comfort but also reduces the tyre dynamic load to ground.