多机场终端区微观交通流建模与仿真分析

为研究多机场终端区交通流微观时空特性与演变规律,考虑终端区内单股、汇聚和交叉交通流具有基于目标点运行的基本特征,依据先到先服务原则,利用刺激-反射跟驰理论,建立了空中交通流局域排序模型、跟驰模型和机动模型.在此基础上,采用多智能体仿真工具NetLogo,构建了多机场终端区交通流仿真平台,仿真分析了进场交通流特征参数之间的关系和灵敏性,以及进离场交通流之间的相互影响.研究结果表明:多机场终端区进场交通流存在明显的相变与迟滞特征,形成自由相、畅行相、伪拥塞相和同步拥塞相等基本相态;流量与速度密度乘积之间存在线性关系;管制间隔对交通流的影响较大且存在最优管制间隔,进场交叉点的最优管制间隔为8 km. 

Modeling and Simulation Analysis of Microscopic Traffic Flow in Multi-airport Terminal Airspace

In order to study the microscopic spatial and temporal characteristics and evolution law of air traffic flow in multi-airport terminal airspace, considering the operation characteristic of single, converging, and crossed traffic flow flying to the target point, a local sorting model, a aircraft-following model, and a maneuverable model for air traffic flow were established using the first-come-first-service principle and the stimulus-response aircraft-following theory. A multi-agent simulation platform based on the above models was then set up with NetLogo to simulate the traffic flow. The correlativity and sensitivity of basic traffic flow parameters as well as the interaction between arrival and departure traffic flow were analyzed through simulation experiments. The result indicates that notable phase transitions and hysteresis characteristic exist in the evolution process of the arrival traffic flow. The fundamental phase states can be divided into free, unconstrained, pseudo-congestion, and synchronization phases. There is a linear relationship between the traffic flow rate and the product of velocity and density. The control interval has a great influence on the traffic flow. There is an optimal control interval, and its value at the arrival intersection point is 8 km.