基于MATLAB/Simulink的TBM边滚刀动力学模型及振动分析

为解决TBM设备在硬岩地层施工过程中单刃边滚刀失效较严重的问题，对边滚刀在破岩过程中的振动特性进行研究。首先，基于对破岩时边滚刀的受力分析，将其所受载荷简化为垂向力、轴向力以及倾覆力矩，建立滚刀动力学模型。然后，运用MATLAB/Simulink建立边滚刀动力学仿真模型，由ANSYS/Ls-dyna仿真得到的边滚刀破岩载荷历程作为该动力学模型的输入激励，仿真得到边滚刀各部件振动位移响应曲线。最后，通过改变模型中滚刀各部件的刚度大小,研究其对滚刀振动的影响。研究发现： 1）对于安装角为45°的边滚刀，在花岗岩地层中破岩时，其刀圈侧向振动幅度比垂向振动幅度大22%左右，侧向摆角最大可达到0.406°。2）刀圈与轴承的刚度是影响滚刀振动和侧向摆动的重要因素，增大1倍刀圈刚度，滚刀垂向、侧向振幅和摆动振幅分别降低26.6%、31.5%、31.0%；增大1倍轴承刚度，滚刀垂向、侧向振幅和摆动振幅分别降低19.5%、14.1%、21.7%。

Dynamic Model and Vibration Analysis of TBM EdgeDisccutter Based on MATLAB/Simulink

Serious failure often occurs to the single blade edge disc cutter when TBM boring in hard rock stratum. Hence, it is necessary to study the vibration characteristics of the edge disc cutter during rock breaking process. Firstly, based on the analysis of the load of the edge disc cutter in the rock breaking process, the loads are simplified as vertical force, axial force and overturning moment to establish an edge disc cutter dynamic model. And then the dynamic simulation model of edge disc cutter is established by using MATLAB/Simulink; the load history of the cutter obtained by ANSYS/Ls dyna is used as the input stimulus of the dynamic model, thus the vibration displacement response curve of each part of the edge disc cutter is obtained. Finally, the effect of the stiffness on the cutter vibration is studied by changing the size of the various components in the model. The results show that: (1) When the edge disc cutter with an angle of 45° is installed to break the rock in the granite stratum, the lateral vibration amplitude of the cutter ring is about 22% larger than the vertical vibration amplitude, and the maximum lateral swing angle can reach 0.406°. (2) The stiffnesses of cutter ring and bearing are the important factors that affect the lateral vibration and swing of cutter; if the stiffness of the cutter ring is doubled, the vertical, lateral and swing amplitudes of the cutter can be reduced by 26.6%, 31.5%, 31.0%, respectively; if the bearing stiffness is doubled, the vertical, lateral and swing amplitudes of cutter can be reduced by 19.5%, 14.1%, 21.7%, respectively.