航道尺度对波高分布的影响

港口建设中进港航道的开挖对于波浪的传播有重要的影响。根据物理模型试验的结果，对波浪在航道区域的传播规律进行探讨，分别阐述波浪入射角、航道水深、航道宽度对波浪传播变形的影响。当波浪小角度入射时，航道中心比波高随着传播距离的增长而减小，在两侧边滩形成较大波高带。波浪人射角度较大时，易在航道迎浪侧产生波能集中，在背浪侧波高减小。此外，航道水深增大使得在一定长度范围内航道的折射作用增强。另一方面，宽深航道对于波浪在航道边坡的折射作用较窄浅航道更为显著。根据试验，同时分析了各航道尺度对港内区域波高分布特征的影响。研究成果对港口航道工程的规划设计具有指导意义。

Influence of Channel Dimension upon Wave Distribution

The effect of excavation of navigation channel on wave transmission is very important during the construction of the harbor. Based on the experiment test, the regularity of wave transmission in the navigation channel area is discussed. The ef- fects of incident angle of wave, depth of channel and width of channel on the wave transmission are studied in the test. When the incident angle is small, the specific wave heights of channel axis decrease along with the increase of distance and the wave energy refract to the outside and the areas with higher wave heights will appear in both sides of the channel. When the incident angle is large, wave energy concentration appears in head-on side of the channel and the wave heights decline in the back side of channel. In addition, the refraction of channel enhanced along with the increase of channel depth within limited areas. On the other hand, the refraction of wide and deep channel could be more obvious than narrow and shallow channel. Meanwhile, the effect of channel dimension on the wave distribution inside harbor is also discussed based on the tests. The result is signifi- cant for the design of harbor and channel engineering.