基于MOVES的车辆排放因子测试

应用机动车排放模拟器(MOVES) 的微观层次对车辆的排放因子进行了数值模拟, 采用便携式排放测试系统对试验车辆进行实际道路尾气排放测试, 基于测试结果从排放因子角度对MOVES输出的模拟值进行验证。分析结果表明: 在城市快速路上, 大型货车CO₂、CO、NO_x、HC、PM排放因子的模拟值与实测值的比值分别为1.40、0.72、1.01、1.05、1.05;在城市主干道上, 大型货车CO、NO_x、HC排放因子的模拟值与实测值的比值分别为0.70、1.07、1.07, 而CO₂和PM排放因子的模拟值与实测值的比值分别为1.63和2.12;在城市高速路上, 小型客车HC排放因子的模拟值与实测值的比值仅为0.34, 而CO₂、CO、NO_x排放因子的模拟值与实测值接近, 其模拟值与实测值的比值分别为1.22、1.05、0.86;在城市主干道上, 小型客车CO₂和NO_x排放因子的模拟值与实测值接近, 其模拟值与实测值的比值分别为1.20和1.10, 而CO和HC排放因子的模拟值与实测值的比值分别为2.25和0.53。测试结果在一定程度上反映了MOVES预测车辆排放因子的准确性, 表明使用MOVES模拟机动车排放因子时, 需要对相应参数进行修正, 才能更加真实地反映机动车排放水平。

Emission factor measurement of vehicles based on MOVES

The microscopic level of motor vehicle emissions simulator (MOVES) was used to numerically simulate the emission factors of typical vehicles.The portable emission measurement system (PEMS) was used to measure the end gas emission of test vehicles on actual roads.The simulated emission factor values from MOVES were verified by the measurement results.Analysis result shows that the ratios of the simulated emission factors of CO2, CO, NOx, HC and PM to the actual ones are 1.40, 0.72, 1.01, 1.05 and 1.05 for the large truck on the urban expressway, respectively.The ratios of the simulated emission factors of CO, NOxand HC to the actual ones are 0.70, 1.07 and 1.07 for the large truck on the urban arterial road, respectively, and the ratios of the simulated emission factors of CO2 and PM to the actual ones are 1.63 and 2.12, respectively.The ratio of the simulated emission factor of HC to the actual one is only 0.34 for the small passenger car on the urban expressway.The ratios of the simulated emission factors of CO2, CO and NOxto the actual ones are 1.22, 1.05 and 0.86, respectively, which are close to the measured values.The ratios of the simulated emission factors of CO2 and NOxto the actual ones are 1.20 and 1.10 for the small passenger car on the urban arterial road, respectively, which are close to the measured values.The ratios of the simulated emission factors of CO and HC to the actual ones are 2.25 and 0.53 for the small passenger car on the urban arterial road, respectively.The experiment result reflects the accuracy of MOVES in predicting vehicle emission factor to a certain extent, and indicates that the simulated vehicle emission factor using MOVES needs the corresponding parameter amendment in order to truly reflect the vehicle emission level.