中国人的公德与私德

当前中国公民道德建设包含着承接晚清——“五四”对中国缺乏公德传统反省批判的工作。中国传统血亲伦理的私人关系性、差序等级与权宜相对主义，至今制约着中国公共生活与私人品质的现代性转变。现代公德与私德的分化性、个体人格对公德的自觉承担、以及公德远超出遵纪守法的政治高度的公共关怀精神，是公德建设的三个方面。公私德建设不仅是从伦理观念信仰到行为习惯的教化修养，同时要求相应的公私领域社会体制改革，即实现“公民”必需的权利保障，否则会流于唯心论的道德说教。

Chinese People's Social and Personal Morality

The present construction of Chinese citizens' morality involves introspection and criticism, dating from the period between the late Qing dynasty and the May 4th Movement, of the deficiency of social morality in China. The personal relationship of Chinese traditional consanguine ethic, disparity of classes and relativism of expedience have been hitherto exerting restriction on modern transition of Chinese people's public life and personal morality. Social morality construction includes the division of modern social and personal morality, individuals' conscious commitment to social morality and public concern which rises far above obeying the law. Construction of social and personal morality not only means training in people's ethic conception and behavior, but also requires social reform in corresponding public and private sectors, which means protection of citizens' basic rights, otherwise, construction of social and personal morality will end up as idealist moral preaching.