发电用燃料电池特性及其电力电子调节系统的专用解决方案

燃料电池(FC)通常输出直流低压.受工作条件影响,其输出电压不稳定,且动态响应明显慢于瞬变负载的要求,因此在许多应用中,燃料电池发电机必须与负载以及其它可能的能源/电源相连接.基于这些原因,燃料电池堆输出功率、蓄电池/超级电容器的输入/输出功率必须经过电力电子变换器进行调节.阐述了与燃料电池功率输出调节有关的主要问题,尤其考虑了在2种最重要的应用场合(微分布式发电或联产发电和运输系统)下,与其相连的.电力电子变流器的特定要求.主要讨论了燃料电池功率调节专用的DC/DC变换器的基本电路结构,着重考虑PEMFC技术.

Fuel Cell for Electric Power Generation: Peculiarities and Dedicated Solutions for Power Electronic Conditioning Systems

The Fuel Cell (FCs) output power is usually generated at low DC voltage. The output voltage is not constant and it depends on the operation conditions. Furthermore, the FC dynamic response is slower than the transients typically requested by loads; hence, in many applications, the FC generators must be interfaced with the loads and the other possible energy/power sources. For these reasons, the FC stack output power and/or the batteries/supercapacitors input/output power must be conditioned by means of an electronic power converter. The purpose of the paper is to present the main issues related to the conditioning of FC power output;in particular, considering the specific requirements of the interface electronic converters in the two most important applications:micro distributed generation (or cogeneration) and the transportation sysytems. The paper mainly discusses the basic circuit topologies of the DC/DC converters dedicated to the FC power conditioning, in particular considering the Proton Exchange Membrane FC technology.