深中通道西人工岛岛形对护面块体稳定性和堤顶越浪的影响

针对深中通道西人工岛特殊岛形,利用物理模型试验手段,验证最不利波浪作用下块体稳定性和堤顶越浪量。结果表明:入射波在内凹的岛壁弧顶迅速形成能量聚集,在岛端部外凸出转角处产生波能释放和漩涡流等复杂不利的波态;凹凸多变岛形也导致护面的扭王字块块体咬合性能减弱,多因素影响致使质量5 t设计护面块体失稳,经多次优化后,岛壁堤身段增加至8 t、端部转角特殊段须增加至14 t方能稳定;岛壁越浪规律为沿波浪入射处至端部转角段逐渐增加。将试验结果与规范公式计算结果、二维水槽断面试验结果进行对比,得到结论:受岛形影响下的稳定质量和越浪均偏大,尤其端部转角凸出的特殊区域,因此设计应给予关注,尽量遵循规范的相关规定,即"轴线向外侧拐,保证夹角大于150°以上"的要求。通过试验也再次验证了三维整体试验在稳定性、越浪量和优化设计方面的必要性。

Influence of the Shenzhen-Zhongshan channel west artificial island shape on stability of armor block and overtopping rate of crest

In view of the Shenzhen-Zhongshan channel west artificial island shape,the physical model test is used to verify the stability of armor block and overtopping rate of crest under the extreme waves.The results show that:the incident wave rapidly forms energy accumulation at the top of the concave island wall arc,and produces complex and unfavorable wave states such as wave energy release and vortex flow at the convex corner of the island end;the convex and concave islands weaken the engagement performance of ACCOPODE,which is influenced by many factors,resulting in the instability of the 5 t heavy design armor block,then by several times of optimization,the trunk section of the island wall is increased to 8 t,and the special section of the end corner needs to be increased to 14 t to be stable;the law of overtopping rate is that the section from the wave incidence to the end corner gradually increases.Comparing the test results with the calculation of the standard formula and the results of the 2D flume section test,it is found that the stability and overtopping rate under the influence of the island shaped are both large,especially in the special area where the end corner protrudes,so the designer should pay attention to it,and try to follow the relevant provisions of the standard,that is,the axis turns outward to ensure that the included angle is more than 150°.By this test,the necessity of 3D overall test in stability,overtopping rate and optimal design is verified again.