从可持续发展角度谈城市轨道交通的规划和设计

针对当前我国城市轨道交通进入快速发展阶段的新形势,从可持续发展与我国城市化进程加快的角度,审视城市轨道交通线网的规划和设计,探讨线网规模确定、换乘方式、站台宽度、楼扶梯数量与宽度、换乘通道宽度以及售检票闸机布置方式等值得关注的问题.指出目前在车辆制式的选择上偏于保守,提出我国特大城市中心城区的轨道交通线路应首先考虑采用宽体A型车的地铁系统比较恰当;同时在车辆编组方面土建工程应留有适当的余地,以应对远期城市发展带来的客运需求.指出目前大型换乘枢纽站的站台宽度、楼扶梯的数量与宽度、换乘通道宽度等都满足不了运营需求,建议在大客流的换乘车站宜采用近距离的通道换乘设计.建议设计时控制市中心区的车站站台的最小宽度不宜小于10 m;建议按照A型车的载客能力,每2节车厢至少配置一组楼扶梯,并加宽楼扶梯宽度.指出目前闸机计算通过能力大干实际通过能力,售检票机布置与客流流线不匹配.建议闸机与客流流线垂直布置,从而避免客流流线的相互干扰.

Suggestions for the Planning and Design of Urban Mass Transit form the Perspective of Sustainable Development

In light of the rapid development of urban mass transit (UMT) in China, this paper holds that the overall size of UMT network in big cities is still small and needs to be expanded; while the planning of UMT must put suburban railway, intercity railway and main railway into consideration for a more flexible selection of the transportation system. Some interesting topics like the selection of vehicles, the number of marshalling, the transfer mode, the breadth of platform, the numbers and width of staircase as...