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由于机车牵引能耗的巨额经济成本和气体排放引起的污染问题，列车节能运行控制与研究日益重要。本文根据机车牵引力做功与能量转换方程分析了列车运行能耗的主要作用形态，即克服列车运行阻力和调速制动导致的动能损失。基于对运行阻力功和制动动能损失的考虑，从理论分析及仿真计算的角度，探讨了调速制动前的惰行距离和途中运行速度均衡性对列车运行能耗的影响。案例分析表明：在运行时分相近的要求下，通过避免不必要的制动调速和增加停站制动前的惰行距离，可降低运行能耗9%；通过设置合理的目标速度上下限保持列车运行速度均衡性，可降低运行能耗6.8%。

Energy-efficient Driving Strategy for Freight Trains Based on Power Consumption Analysis

Energy consumption, involving large economic costs and air pollution, is an important issue of locomotive operation. Based on train movement transfer formulation between energy and work, this paper explores the main forms of energy consumption, which include work of resistance and kinetic energy loss caused by braking. From the view of theoretical analysis and simulations, the paper discusses the energy consumption with different coasting distances before braking and lower speed restriction, and train speed uniformity. The former make a great impact on the kinetic energy loss and the latter determines the work of resistance. The results of case study indicate that it is possible to save 6.8% energy under the rigorous restriction of schedule time by keep train speed uniform. If only unnecessary braking can be avoided and coasting distances before stop increased properly, an energy saving of 9% can be achieved while running time only slightly affected.