高速公路网综合公共信息平台系统分析与设计

针对高速公路网规模不断扩大,高速公路信息化管理需求加大,路网各子系统间存在交通信息并没有完全共享,尚有大量信息孤岛,信息没有充分利用的现状。基于对高速公路网信息化需求分析,综合交通信息平台功能和性能分析,通过设计高速公路网综合公共信息平台系统框架结构,对系统各模块进行了分析,并对关键技术作了研究。     

G0512线成乐高速绕城枢纽互通立交方案研究

G0512成都至乐山高速公路与成都绕城高速公路在武侯区交叉,需设置十字枢纽互通,并在绕城高速公路内侧设置主线收费站。该互通交叉节点绕城高速公路与成绵乐高铁平行,最近的节点距离填方坡脚仅5 m,互通匝道布设受铁路影响较大,交叉区域位于城市边缘,受控因素多,方案布设难度大。文章结合成都绕城高速公路、成绵乐高铁及周边控制点布局,介绍了G0512成都至乐山高速公路与成都绕城枢纽互通式立交设计方案的比选研究过程。     

潮汐车道实施效果及影响——北京市紫竹院路为例

以北京市紫竹院路为例,对比紫竹院路潮汐车道实施前后的交通调查数据,论证了紫竹院路设置潮汐车道的必要性和可行性,从交通流量、交通出行效率和设施利用率三个方面分析潮汐车道的实施效果,以及其对周边路网流量分布情况的影响。研究结果表明,潮汐车道开通后,紫竹院路进城、出城方向的高峰小时交通量显著增加,行程车速大幅提高,单车道利用率随着断面交通流量增加趋向均衡,路段交通出行环境改善;紫竹院路周边主要平行道路的高峰小时流量基本保持不变,潮汐车道可能会引起更远范围路网交通流量的重新分布,以达到新的交通平衡状态。     

四川省高速公路发展现状及改扩建趋势分析

"十三五"以来,四川省高速公路建设与交通运输进入快速发展阶段,路网骨干功能日益凸显,但部分早期建成路线的交通量渐趋饱和,亟待扩容改造。为了准确把握四川省高速公路的改扩建需求发展规律,为交通规划建设提供参考依据,统计分析了全省高速公路的发展规模、技术品质及交通运行情况,并结合区域经济社会发展形势,研究了全省高速公路网在交通强省建设规划期内的改扩建需求发展趋势。     

我国东西主干线沪渝高速公路全线贯通

2009年12月19日，湖北沪蓉西高速公路进入试运行阶段，这标志着国家高速公路网东西主干线沪渝高速全线贯通。从此，长江上游与中下游之间的陆路高速交通瓶颈被打通。     

卫留成：海南长远发展需要跨海通道

海南省省委副书记、省长卫留成在第三届泛珠三角区域合作与发展论坛上发表主旨演讲时表示，琼州海峡跨海通道工程是完善区域交通网络的重要内容。完善的交通网络是泛珠区域紧密合作和协调发展的重要支撑，区域高速公路一体化将成为泛珠区域交通合作发展的重点。跨海通道工程无论是在国家高速公路网中，还是在区域交通规划中，都具重要作用。琼州海峡公路通道是同江-三亚国道主干线的一段，还有沈阳-海口和兰州-海口国家高速公路也需要跨越琼州海峡。规划的泛珠区域高速公路网中，广州-三亚高速公路也需要跨越琼州海峡。     

济青高速改扩建施工保通方案仿真与评价

为了满足日益增长的交通流量和社会经济发展需求,提高济青高速通行能力,济青高速公路改扩建施工。工程采用"两侧拼宽"的方式,将道路扩建为双向八车道高速公路。本文依托此工程,通过VISSIM软件对道路改扩建交通组织下交通流特性进行分析,基于交通流特性、考虑安全设施等其他因素建立评价模型,进行改扩建高速公路安全评价。     

交通运输大事记(2011年3月)

<正>·交通工程·☆安徽宁国至千秋关段高速公路正式开工。☆福建海西高速公路网东山联络线开工建设。☆广深港高铁狮子洋隧道贯通。☆贵州都匀至黔东南自治州榕江格龙高速公路通车。     

基于交通冲突技术的高速公路合流区段安全性研究

为研究高速公路合流区段的安全性,本文以四川省境内高速公路为例对典型合流区段的交通冲突特性展开研究。选用PET作为评价指标并将交通冲突划分为3个等级:潜在冲突、轻微冲突、严重冲突。通过建立有序Logistic模型来探索影响冲突严重程度的显著性因素。结果表明:交织区交通流量、冲突车辆的速度差和二次冲突是增加冲突严重性的主要诱因;加速车道长度、规范的标志标线是保护因素;重型车辆比例对冲突严重程度影响呈非线性关系。     

复杂枢纽互通改造施工交通组织方案研究

枢纽式互通立交在高速公路网中起着重要的节点作用,能够进行连续、快速的交通转换。枢纽式互通立交的改造施工要涉及一条或多条匝道,施工期间的交通组织对局部甚至区域路网的通行效率有着重大影响。文章以G65包茂高速公路同古枢纽互通为对象,对复杂枢纽互通改造施工交通组织方案进行了探讨,可供类似工程参考。     

Analysis of factors affecting the choice of route of pedestrians

Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD).

An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip.

It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links.     

实现多组态计量软件集中监控的可行性分析

天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本.     

注汽管道承压能力评估和实物试验验证

基于失效评估图技术对某注汽管道进行了承压能力评价,给出了管线在不同腐蚀壁厚情况下的极限承压能力和极限裂纹尺寸。并利用实物爆破试验验证了评价方法的安全性和有效性,通过对爆破断口进行宏观和微观分析,发现管段的开裂属于脆性开裂。     

Non-parametric analyses of efficiency of airports

This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress.     

波纹管应力分析研究进展

评述了波纹管应力理论研究方法的进展情况，围绕解析法、工程近似法和数值法，对波纹管理论研究中的一些主要成果作了较详细的回顾和总结，对各种研究方法作出了评价，展望了亟待解决的一些问题。     

输油管道中原油乳状液的流变性研究

原油乳状液的流变性是原油开采后在管道中输送的重要研究方面,为了更好地研究这一性质,采用电动搅拌机、偏光显微镜以及流变仪等仪器来测定不同含水率的原油乳状液在不同条件下的黏度,观测不同含水率的原油乳状液在偏光显微镜下的形态。并且分别对原油乳状液的黏度与含水率之间的关系以及与剪切速率之间的关系进行研究,初步确定了所测区块原油乳状液的转相点以及该区块原油乳状液的流变特性,为生产中的油气集输提供了理论依据。     

城市轨道交通杂散电流监测系统概述

介绍了城市轨道交通工程中杂散电流不同的监测系统的构成,分析了集中式、分散式和智能型等监测系统的配置和功能,以及智能型实时在线监测系统的重要意义,为轨道交通工程杂散电流监测系统的选择与应用提供参考。     

埋地管道防腐保温层失效评价

明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。     

Preliminary results of an analysis of areas of influence in Shanghai

The main deficiency of most current modeling approaches to transportation can be identified as neglect of the integration of existing geographical knowledge in regard to the ex ante transport/land use modeling approaches, with its focus on territorial dynamics and theory development. This paper addresses this aspect of the problem by introducing a theoretical and methodological framework for the analysis of the interrelationship between land uses. The analysis attempts to determine to what extent the functional land use in a city can be considered an ordered pattern. The order sought does not rely on purely spatial configurations, but on the correlation of transportation and land use. The first section of this paper focuses on theoretical considerations. It stresses the fact that conventional approaches do not apply in the present context. It then suggests an alternative based on areas of influence and measured in terms of level of attractance of land uses. The second describes a procedure based on this alternative following the remarkable contribution of Hanjoul, Beguin and Thill. An application of this procedure to the analysis of Shanghai is then examined. Finally, an evaluation of the strategies for optimizing the interrelationship between land uses is presented. The paper concludes with a possible research agenda.     

Direct analysis of the perceived importance of attributes of reliability of travel modes in urban travel

Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area.