Research on the Fragment Impact Resistance of a Composite Mast

Due to the unique structural mode and material property of a composite sandwich plate, related research such as fragment impact resistance of a composite mast is short of publication and urgent in this field. In this paper, the commonly accepted sandwich core board theory was modified. Damage caused by a fragment attack was simulated onto a sandwich plate model built with solid and shell elements. It was shown that shear failure and vast matrix cracking are the main reasons for outer coat damage, and tensio...     

复合材料桅杆抗空爆性能研究

采用等效分析方法模拟复合材料桅杆上夹层板结构在空中非接触爆炸载荷下的毁伤形式,根据模拟海战设置工况,计算得到桅杆在空爆载荷下的动态响应,并由所得数据统计出了不同爆距下的抗冲击极限.同时,改变桅杆材料构成,优化结构形式,提高桅杆抗爆性能.为复合材料桅杆抗空爆性能的研究提供了参考,并为桅杆结构的设计提供了理论依据.     

复合材料—钢混合结构封闭式桅杆振动特性研究

由于隐身性的需求,复合材料—钢混合结构的封闭式桅杆逐渐在舰船上使用。开展了复合材料—钢混合结构封闭式桅杆的模态试验,通过实验检验了桅杆数值计算模型,并采用数值方法研究了雷达罩复合材料夹层板板厚对桅杆和顶部雷达罩振动特性的影响规律,通过研究发现复合材料夹层板振动特性良好。此外,根据八边形桅杆的数值计算结果提出了雷达罩总体和局部振动频率的预测方法,通过四边形和六边形桅杆的检验,证明此种预测方法具有普遍意义,为封闭式综合集成桅杆的结构设计提供了有益的参考。     

复合材料桅杆应力分布特性及其极限载荷研究

船用复合材料桅杆采用新颖的八边形筒形结构,复合材料夹层板对于桅杆来说也是一种创新探索,对其应力分布特性和极限载荷的研究具有实际意义。通过力学分析,给出了桅杆在真实环境中所受到的三种载荷具体形式,并采用流体动力学方法,模拟出三种载荷共同作用下复合材料结构的受力响应情况,由此得到其应力分布规律。再通过大量计算得到不同蒙皮和芯材厚度下胶层应力随风速变化曲线,由此得到该种复合材料夹层结构在常用厚度范围内的极限载荷统计规律,以供参考。     

玻璃纤维增强乙烯树脂复合材料层合板锥形冲头碰撞试验研究

利用自行设计的摆锤试验装置,对玻璃纤维增强乙烯树脂复合材料层合板结构开展了低速碰撞试验研究。通过对比分析冲击力、试件背面中心点位移以及采用超声C扫描定损技术,对复合材料层合板的损伤特性进行了详细分析。试验表明,在一定碰撞能量下复合材料层合板受冲击面出现明显损伤,同时伴随着内部大范围的分层损伤现象的发生;随着碰撞能量的增加,层合板受冲击面损伤程度随之增加,背冲击面也由无明显损伤到出现基体开裂和纤维断裂的现象变化;层合板内部分层的面积与其吸收的能量有关。     

中高速弹体侵彻下泡沫铝夹芯结构抗侵彻性能实验研究

为研究泡沫铝夹芯结构各组成部分在中、高速弹体侵彻下的抗侵彻性能及破坏机理,分别开展泡沫铝芯材(I)、前面板与芯材(II)、芯材与后面板(III)以及泡沫铝夹芯结构(IV)4种靶板在中、高速弹体侵彻下的弹道冲击试验.分析夹芯结构的破坏模式、侵彻过程和抗弹性能.结果表明:在中、高速弹体侵彻下,泡沫铝芯材发生了胞壁的绝热剪切和撕裂破坏,存在前面板的泡沫铝芯材还发生了胞壁压实坍塌;前面板发生绝热剪切破坏,弹速较低时,弹孔周围将产生明显的碟形弯曲变形,板厚较大、弹速较高时弹孔边缘存在开坑唇边;后面板发生了局部碟形弯曲-贯穿破坏,板厚较小时,后面板还产生了花瓣开裂.泡沫铝芯材吸能较小,泡沫铝和面板组成的夹芯结构吸能明显提高.面板的存在提高了靶板的抗弹性能,前面板对靶板的抗弹性能影响大于后面板的影响.同一种形式的靶板在高速弹体侵彻下的抗弹性能明显优于中速弹体侵彻下的抗弹性能.     

近场水下爆炸作用下金属夹芯结构的动响应分析

金属夹芯结构具有质量轻、吸能良好和抗冲击等优点,被广泛用于船体板架设计。在金属夹芯结构形状设计方面,不同形状的金属夹芯结构的抗冲击性能有着很大的差异。针对三种不同的金属夹芯形状,采用有限元软件ABAQUS,模拟三种金属夹芯结构的抗冲击性能。通过对比三种形状的夹芯面板中心位移以及速度的变化规律,发现对于质量相同的夹芯结构,三边形夹芯结构具有更强的抗冲击性能。另外,研究不同金属夹芯结构能量时历曲线,得出六边形夹芯结构在吸能效果方面最好。     

四边形蜂窝夹层板的优化设计分析

夹层板结构是近代发展起来的一种比较先进的结构形式,具有比强度高、比刚度大等特点。以某舰船中部双层船底一个纵桁和肋板间距的船底板架单元为基础,在保证夹层板总质量、主尺寸与原板架相同的前提下,建立一系列夹层质量不同的四边形蜂窝夹层板模型。利用仿真算法,从结构损伤、能量吸收的角度分析其抗爆与抗冲击性能。对四边形蜂窝夹层板进行优化分析,得到一种优化模型。     

Ice impact response and energy dissipation characteristics of PVC foam core sandwich plates: Experimental and numerical study

In this paper, the dynamic responses and energy dissipation characteristics of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) foam core sandwich plates under ice impact are investigated. The ice impact tests of PVC foam core sandwich plates were conducted by employing the horizontal impact experimental apparatus. The finite element simulations were conducted to analyze the dynamic response of PVC foam core sandwich plates based on soil and concrete material model for ice impactor. It was demonstrated that numerical results were in good agreement with experimental results. The deformation modes of the top facesheets were coupling of local indentation with global bending deformation, while the deformation modes of bottom facesheets were overall bending deformation. The permanent deformation of face sheets show that the impact resistance of sandwich plate is better than that of equivalent weight hull plate (EWHP). In addition, based on the actual navigation environment of ship, the effect of impact angle and ice floe shape on dynamic response and energy dissipation are analyzed.     

Test of extensively damaged hybrid ship hull

A hybrid ship hull model made with a steel truss and composite sandwich panels was tested and analyzed with the goal of gaining insight into how well this structural concept holds up after major damage. One of the ideas of the concept was to mount the sandwich panels to the steel truss such that they can be blown out in a controlled fashion to ventilate a large internal blast. The hull should be designed to have sufficient strength for the ship to reach a port safely even after such extensive damage. A 6-m model of such a hybrid ship hull, consisting of a stainless steel truss and 60 composite sandwich panels, was manufactured and mechanically tested. A number of panels were then removed one by one and the hull was retested to the design load after each panel had been removed. The removed panels simulated major damage. After nine panels had been removed, from all the different areas of the hull, it could still carry the design load, although with considerable nonreversible deformations of the hull girder. The hull was eventually loaded to final failure, which occurred at 25% above the design load.     

破片侵彻作用下的波纹夹层板横舱壁结构响应分析

主流大型舰船的横舱壁结构以加筋板型式为主,但加筋板受制于其单层结构特点,较难提出新的设计。设计一种波纹夹层板,将其应用于大型舰船的横舱壁结构。采用有限元软件建立简化数值模型,研究在高速破片侵彻作用下的波纹夹层板横舱壁结构动态响应和破坏机理,并与传统单层加筋板横舱壁结构进行比较。结果表明,应用波纹夹层板,横舱壁结构的抗侵彻性能有明显提升。     

冲击毁伤载荷作用下新型舰船舱壁结构型式研究

本文对高速破片与冲击波载荷联合作用下典型舰船舱壁结构的动态响应过程进行数值模拟研究.基于结构吸能和破片平均剩余速度的评判标准,对比分析3种新型夹芯板双层舱壁(I型、X型、V型)抗冲击毁伤特性.研究结果表明,在相同高速破片与冲击波载荷联合作用下,破片穿透V型夹芯板双层舱壁结构的平均剩余速度最小,并且V型夹芯板结构吸能最多;3种新型夹芯板舱壁结构抗冲击性能均强于典型单层舱壁结构.     

近距空爆载荷下钢板/聚脲复合结构动响应特性仿真

[目的]为探讨聚脲涂层对钢板抗爆性能的提升机制,掌握背涂聚脲层对钢板动响应特性的影响规律,对钢板/聚脲复合结构的抗爆动响应过程进行仿真研究。[方法]采用LS-DYNA软件对钢板/聚脲复合结构在近距空爆载荷作用下的变形/失效过程及吸能机制进行数值仿真,并与文献试验结果进行对比,验证数值仿真方法的合理性和准确性。在此基础上,进一步分析前侧钢板层与背侧聚脲层的厚度配比及强度配比对结构变形/失效及能量吸收的影响。[结果]结果表明:背侧聚脲层在抗爆过程中存在二次崩落现象,其崩落碎片动能在后侧聚脲层总吸能中占主导地位;随着钢板-聚脲厚度比值的增加,前侧钢板层的最大塑性变形先减小后增大;随着强度比值增大,钢板的最大塑性变形和聚脲的吸能占比均单调减小。近距空爆载荷作用下,由于崩落而形成的碎片动能是后侧聚脲层的主要吸能方式;总面密度不变时,钢板/聚脲复合结构存在抗爆性能最优的厚度配比;强度比值的增大会降低聚脲层的吸能占比,同时提升结构的整体抗爆性能。[结论]研究结果可为钢板/聚脲复合结构的抗爆防护设计提供参考。     

复合材料导管导流罩渐进失效分析

基于连续损伤力学（Continuum Damage Mechanics,CDM）理论对复合材料导管导流罩进行渐进失效分析,结合刚度降级方法从材料失效角度对导流罩结构极限承载能力和失效演变情况进行研究。利用APDL参数化语言编写程序建立复合材料导管导流罩有限元模型,应用多帧重启动及弧长法实现分析过程。根据Tsai-Wu失效准则判断复合材料损伤及损伤原因,并对失效单元进行连续记录。结果表明：复合材料导流罩结构最先出现基体开裂失效模式,此时少量破坏对导流罩整体结构性能影响较小;随着载荷继续增加出现纤维断裂失效模式;在纤维断裂大规模出现时,载荷位移非线性关系逐渐明显,结构性能急剧下降;整个过程几乎没有出现界面剪切失效情况。根据结构载荷位移曲线和失效单元数目变化情况,导流罩承载时的Tsai-Wu失效因子作为复合材料导管导流罩的强度校核指标具有理论和实际意义。     

复合材料层合板螺栓连接接头极限强度分析

对基于不同渐进失效准则计算复合材料层合板螺栓连接接头极限承载力的高精度预报方法展开研究。基于Abaqus有限元软件,采用USDFLD子程序对接头进行渐进失效分析。分别采用最大应力准则、蔡-希尔失效判据、霍夫曼失效准则、蔡-吴失效准则、哈辛失效准则等5种失效准则进行数值计算。建立不同的场变量描述纤维、基体、界面的损伤状态,研究复合材料层合板螺栓连接接头在拉伸载荷作用下的损伤发展过程。研究表明,基于这5种失效准则计算的有限元仿真结果均与试验值较为接近,其中采用纤维失效和基体失效分开考虑的哈辛失效准则计算的复合材料层合板螺栓连接接头的极限强度与试验结果的准确度吻合最好,较适用于复合材料螺栓连接结构的有限元仿真。     

Load-bearing characteristics of marine complex sandwich composites considering unequal elastic modulus in tension and compression

The panel and core materials of sandwich composite usually have the characteristics of unequal elastic modulus in tension and compression. However, in the numerical calculation of sandwich composite, it is usually considered as the material with the same tensile modulus or compression modulus, which often leads to larger calculation errors. The test results show that when the elastic modulus of tension and compression is about 10 times different, the maximum calculated stress and maximum deflection will be more than twice different. In view of the complexity of sandwich composite structure, based on the bi-modulus model of laminated plates, a simplified theoretical formula and numerical calculation method are proposed for bi-modulus sandwich composite structures in this paper. Furthermore, the accuracy of the proposed numerical calculation method of bi-module is verified by the experimental study of composite single-layer plate structure and sandwich composite cabin structure. The results show that the error between the improved numerical calculation method and the experimental measurement results is basically within 6%. Meanwhile, the numerical method based on field variables has wide application range and high convergence, and can be used to calculate complex marine composite structures.     

Weld toe versus root fatigue failure mode and governing parameters: A study of aluminum alloy load-carrying fillet joints

In load-carrying fillet welded connections, two fatigue failure modes are possible i.e. weld toe cracking and weld root cracking. The fatigue life associated with weld root cracking is typically much lower than weld toe cracking, exhibiting a wider scatter band, especially for welded aluminum alloys. This paper examines fatigue failure mode transition behaviors in load-carrying fillet welds made of aluminum and their governing parameters, among plate thickness, weld penetration, joint misalignment, weld material, and ultrasound impact peening(UIP). Through both experimental and theoretical studies, a quantitative fillet weld sizing criterion was proposed for avoiding weld root cracking in fillet-welded aluminum connections.     

金属夹芯板替换传统板筋结构的研究

为实现金属夹芯结构甲板对传统板筋结构甲板的替代,采用有限元软件计算金属夹芯结构的失效模式,找到替代传统加筋板强力甲板的金属夹芯结构腹板面板设计要求准则,并在满足该准则要求的前提下以4种优化原则为筛选条件,通过枚举法对比整体欧拉应力,得到最佳的金属夹芯结构替代方案。当以传统加筋板结构为替换对象时,根据减重和降低高度等工程需求,对金属夹芯基本单元的设计提出3种原则,以欧拉应力最大为前提,原则1为不减高、不减重,原则2为减重、不减高度,原则3为减高、不减重。以板厚度为10 mm,球扁钢型号为10#的加筋板为研究对象,分别得到各设计原则下的最优替代方案。所作研究有助于找到由金属夹芯结构替代不同尺寸传统加筋板的最佳方案。     

Structural stability of polymer matrix composite panels in fire

Development in advanced composite fabrication technology offers the clear prospect of cost effective application of polymer matrix composites for large load-bearing structures. However, polymer matrix composites can be severely degradated under the thermal condition caused by fire. This paper addresses the compressive load-bearing capacity for polymer matrix composite panels in naval structures and civil infrastructures under the combined thermal–mechanical condition. The failure modes arising from structural instability for single skin and sandwich panels in such combined thermal–mechanical condition are the focus in this study. The thermal field under fire heating and the degradation of mechanical properties with elevated temperature are discussed. Analytical solutions for these mechanical failure modes are presented for design considerations. The approach to the development of a quantitative methodology for fire protection design is discussed in the context of the analyses and the experiments. Design diagrams are constructed to design mechanical loads for given fire protection time, and on the opposite, to design fire protection time for given mechanical loads.     

蜂窝夹层板的优化设计分析

夹层板结构是近代发展起来的一种比较先进的结构形式,具有比强度高、比刚度大等特点。为优化夹层板的抗冲击性能,以某船底部板架单元为基础,在保证夹层板总质量和主尺寸与原板架相同的前提下,建立4组六棱柱蜂窝夹层板模型,其中每组夹层板的夹层质量各不相同。首先利用有限元软件ABAQUS模拟夹层板在冲击波载荷作用下的响应,对比夹层板的结构损伤并筛选出每组中结构损伤最小的夹层板板型,然后从能量吸收的角度分析夹层板的抗爆抗冲击性能,得到一种优化的夹层板模型。