重型牵引车空气悬架系统减振器最佳阻尼特性匹配

车辆悬架系统的阻尼决定车辆悬架的特性,对车辆行驶平顺性和安全性具有重要影响。为了设计车辆的最佳减振器,利用悬架系统的最佳阻尼比,分析前后悬架系统减振器最佳阻尼系数,建立减振器最佳速度特性数学模型。利用多体动力学软件ADAMS/Car模块建立了重型牵引车整车刚柔耦合多体动力学模型,进行整车平顺性仿真分析和悬架系统动力学仿真。匹配结果表明,对该悬架系统,减振器所做的匹配设计是正确有效的,改善了悬架系统的运动特性和整车平顺性。     

半主动悬架车辆的整车模糊控制仿真研究

对半主动悬架整车进行动力学分析，以建立的半主动悬架整车模型为研究对象，将整车划分成8个板块，针对车身的垂直、侧倾、俯仰3种运动设计不同的模糊控制策略，控制磁流变阻尼器的电流输出，达到改善车辆垂直、侧倾和俯仰振动的综合减振目的；以某型车的参数进行仿真分析，仿真结果表明采用文中提出的整车模糊控制策略能很好地改善车辆的舒适性。     

双气室液压互联悬架系统特性研究

为改善车辆动态性能,设计一种双气室液压互联悬架系统.结合结构特征建立双气室液压互联悬架模型,得到包含该模型的整车动力学模型,并利用蛇行试验结果进行验证.将分别装有双气室、单气室的液压互联悬架与原机械悬架的整车模型在不同运动模态下进行仿真,对比分析三者对车辆悬架系统刚度与阻尼特性的影响,并在时域和频域分析三者对车辆响应的...     

基于MSC.ADAMS/View的汽车主动悬架仿真研究

在MSC.ADAMS/View中建立了双桥、单轨的整车多刚体动力学模型,模拟车辆的真实行驶工况,根据整车不同的状态运用MATLAB计算施加于车轮的液压力,通过普通悬架与主动悬架的仿真分析结果对比,从理论上验证了装备液压装置的主动悬架在操纵稳定性和行驶平顺性方面优于普通悬架。     

EPS与主动悬架系统自适应模糊集成控制的仿真与试验研究

在建立的汽车整车主动悬架和EPS动力学模型(包含转向运动、俯仰运动和侧倾运动等模型)的基础上,运用自适应模糊控制方法,利用车身姿态的变化动态地调节主动悬架控制器和EPS控制器的输出,实现了对EPS和主动悬架系统的集成控制。为了验证控制系统的可行性和有效性,分别进行了仿真和实车道路试验。结果表明,集成控制显著提高了汽车的行驶平顺性和操纵稳定性,整车综合性能明显优于传统的悬架和转向系统。     

基于制动与悬架系统的车辆主动侧翻控制的研究

为提高车辆抗侧翻能力,建立了10自由度整车侧翻动力学模型,应用车辆动力学和轮胎力耦合特性,提出了一种基于差动制动和半主动悬架协同工作的车辆主动抗侧翻控制策略。通过对制动力矩的差动调节和半主动悬架阻尼力的适时匹配,实现对车辆侧翻的有效控制。根据子系统运动特性,设计了制动系统基于滑移率的积分滑模控制器和悬架系统灰模糊控制器。分别对制动、悬架控制及综合控制进行的鱼钩试验仿真结果表明,综合控制策略可有效降低危险时域车辆的侧倾角,相对于单一系统控制进一步提高了车辆抗侧翻能力。     

汽车主动悬架与ESP系统协同控制仿真

以八自由度整车模型为研究对象,建立单独的汽车主动悬架模型和电子稳定程序（ESP）系统模型,主动悬架系统采用最优控制,ESP系统采用模糊控制,设计协同控制器,对汽车主动悬架系统和 ESP系统进行安全稳定性协调控制;在阶跃工况下,对协调控制系统模型和单个子系统模型利用 MATLAB/Simulink软件进行仿真,结果表明,协同控制的效果优于单独控制,车辆行驶稳定性和主动安全性得到较好控制,提高了车辆乘坐舒适性。     

汽车半车主动悬架的最优控制研究

本文运用车辆动力学理论,建立了半车四自由度主动悬架系统的动力学模型。同时依据最优控制理论设计了主动悬架最优控制器并进行了Matlb+simulink仿真。研究结果表明采用最优控制的主动悬架比被动悬架具有更好的平顺性。     

直线电机式主动悬架协调车身姿态控制研究

将直线电机作为汽车主动悬架的作动器,能实现悬架的主动减振。建立整车主动悬架的动力学模型和直线电机的数学模型,输入三相交流电,测试直线电机的电磁力,仿真与试验的结果较为一致,验证了电机数学模型的正确性。基于整车姿态协调控制原理,结合模糊控制理论和电流滞环控制策略,研究了包含直线电机作动器的车辆主动悬架的动态响应。结果表明,该控制策略可行,且控制系统能有效改善车辆舒适性和行驶安全性,车身姿态也得到有效控制。     

An Investigation into Vehicle Active Suspension with Electromagnetic Actuator

应用电磁感应的基本原理,设计了一种响应快、出力大和动行程长的车辆主动悬架用作动器.建立了该作动器的集总元件的动力学模型并进行仿真;同时对制作的样机进行了斜坡电压输入和方波电压输入的电磁力测试,测试与仿真结果很好吻合,验证了模型的准确性.最后,结合最优控制理论和矢量控制方法,对包含作动器动力学模型的车辆主动悬架系统进行了正弦路面激励下的仿真分析,结果表明,与被动悬架系统相比,主动悬架系统能明显提高车辆的平顺性.     

A comparative study on fault detection methods of rail vehicle suspension systems based on acceleration measurements

Reliability of the railway vehicle suspension system is of critical importance to the safety of the vehicle. On-line health condition monitoring for the suspension system of rail vehicles offers a number of benefits such as preventing further deterioration of vehicle performance, enhancing vehicle safety, increasing operational reliability and availability, and reducing maintenance costs. It is desirable to timely detect the fault and monitor the performance degradation of vehicle suspension systems. In this paper, a comparative study on fault detection methods of urban rail vehicle suspension systems is considered. A novel sensor configuration is proposed where the underlying vehicle system is equipped with only acceleration sensors in the four corners of the carbody, the leading and trailing bogie, respectively. A mathematical model is developed for the considered vehicle suspension system. Both model-based and data-driven approaches are studied for the suspension fault detection problem. The robust observer, the Kalman filter combined with the generalised likelihood ratio test method, the dynamical principle components analysis and the canonical variate analysis approaches are applied to the fault detection problem. The simulation is carried out by means of the professional multi-body simulation tool, SIMPACK. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of these methods are compared. The simulation results show that the data-driven methods outperform the model-based methods.     

An investigation into the effect of suspension configurations on the performance of tracked vehicles traversing bump terrains

This is a theoretical investigation into the effect of various suspension configurations on a tracked vehicle performance over bump terrains. The model developed is validated using published experimental data of the modal characteristics of the vehicle. The desired performance is based on ride comfort via the mixed objective function (MOF), which combines the crest factor of bounce acceleration, bounce displacement, angular acceleration, and pitch angle. The optimisation process involves evaluating the MOF for different numbers and locations of dampers and under different rigid bump road conditions and speeds. The system responses of the selected suspension configurations in the time and frequency domains are compared against the undamped suspension. The results show that the suspension configurations have a significant effect on the vehicle mobility over bump road profiles. For a five-road–wheel half model of a tracked vehicle, the maximum number of dampers to use for ride comfort over these road bumps is three with the dampers located at wheel positions 1, 2 and 5. This confirms the current practice for many tracked vehicles with 10 road wheels. However, it is further shown that the suspension fitted with two dampers at the extreme road wheels offer the best performance over various rigid bump terrains.     

Total dynamic response of a PSS vehicle negotiating asymmetric road excitations

A planar suspension system (PSS) is a novel automobile suspension system in which an individual spring–damper strut is implemented in both the vertical and longitudinal directions, respectively. The wheels in a vehicle with such a suspension system can move back and forth relative to the chassis. When a PSS vehicle experiences asymmetric road excitations, the relative longitudinal motion of wheels with respect to the chassis in two sides of the same axle are not identical, and thus the two wheels at one axle will not be aligned in the same axis. The total dynamic responses, including those of the bounce, pitch and the roll of the PSS vehicle, to the asymmetric road excitation may exhibit different characteristics from those of a conventional vehicle. This paper presents an investigation into the comprehensive dynamic behaviour of a vehicle with the PSS, in such a road condition, on both the straight and curved roads. The study was carried out using an 18 DOF full-car model incorporating a radial-spring tyre–ground contact model and a 2D tyre–ground dynamic friction model. Results demonstrate that the total dynamic behaviour of a PSS vehicle is generally comparable with that of the conventional vehicle, while PSS exhibits significant improvement in absorbing the impact forces along the longitudinal direction when compared to the conventional suspension system. The PSS vehicle is found to be more stable than the conventional vehicle in terms of the directional performance against the disturbance of the road potholes on a straight line manoeuvre, while exhibiting a very similar handling performance on a curved line.     

油气主动悬架非线性模型的建立、仿真与试验验证

本文通过分析油气悬架中存在的气体弹簧刚度非线性特性和摩擦力，建立了主动悬架的非线性模型。分析了悬架的非线性特性对悬架运动的影响。仿真和试验结果表明，非线性模型比线性模型更接近油气悬架的实际情况，根据非线性模型设计的车身高度控制策略比根据线性模型设计的控制策略具有更好的控制效果。     

用于汽车动力学实时仿真的悬架建模方法的研究

针对汽车动力学实时仿真的要求提出一种新的悬架建模方法—复合约束隔离解耦建模方法。将悬架系统视为连接车身和车轮之间的无质量复合约束,基于这个概念建立的悬架系统模型,由于实现有质量刚体的相互隔离及代数方程与微分方程的解耦,提高了模型求解效率。应用该方法建立的悬架模型,由于是面向结构的模型,因而可较为准确地描述悬架动态特性,同时由于求解效率的提高又能够满足仿真实时性的要求。     

Design of passive vehicle suspensions for maximal least damping ratio

This paper studies the use of the least damping ratio among system poles as a performance metric in passive vehicle suspensions. Methods are developed which allow optimal solutions to be computed in terms of non-dimensional quantities in a quarter-car vehicle model. Solutions are provided in graphical form for convenient use across vehicle types. Three suspension arrangements are studied: the standard suspension involving a parallel spring and damper and two further suspension arrangements involving an inerter. The key parameters for the optimal solutions are the ratios of unsprung mass to sprung mass and suspension static stiffness to tyre vertical stiffness. A discussion is provided of performance trends in terms of the key parameters. A comparison is made with the optimisation of ride comfort and tyre grip metrics for various vehicle types.     

Semi-active H∞ control of high-speed railway vehicle suspension with magnetorheological dampers

In this paper, semi-active H∞ control with magnetorheological (MR) dampers for railway vehicle suspension systems to improve the lateral ride quality is investigated. The proposed semi-active controller is composed of a H∞ controller as the system controller and an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) inverse MR damper model as the damper controller. First, a 17-degree-of-freedom model for a full-scale railway vehicle is developed and the random track irregularities are modelled. Then a modified Bouc–Wen model is built to characterise the forward dynamic characteristics of the MR damper and an inverse MR damper model is built with the ANFIS technique. Furthermore, a H∞ controller composed of a yaw motion controller and a rolling pendulum motion (lateral motion+roll motion) controller is established. By integrating the H∞ controller with the ANFIS inverse model, a semi-active H∞ controller for the railway vehicle is finally proposed. Simulation results indicate that the proposed semi-active suspension system possesses better attenuation ability for the vibrations of the car body than the passive suspension system.     

基于多目标粒子群优化算法的某轻型商用车操纵稳定性优化研究

针对某轻型商用车稳态回转时侧倾度偏大的问题对其悬架进行优化改进。基于ADAMS/car搭建整车多体动力学模型,通过前悬架反向平行轮跳试验、后悬架理论计算验证了悬架仿真模型的准确性。进行整车稳态回转工况和转向盘中间位置转向工况仿真分析,结果表明,车身侧倾度偏高。为实现操纵稳定性优化分析的流程自动化,提出了基于modeFRONTIER的联合仿真方法。以悬架设计参数为优化变量,以汽车的侧倾度与横摆角速度响应滞后时间为优化目标,采用拉丁超立方试验设计方法拟合得到混合代理模型,并结合多目标粒子群优化算法对悬架系统进行多目标优化,获得了悬架系统优化方案。优化结果显示,在不影响平顺性的前提下,汽车车身侧倾度降低了13.93%,横摆角速度响应滞后时间降低了2.75%,整车操纵稳定性得到了提升。     

汽车被动悬架的建模与仿真

汽车最早应用的是被动悬架,悬架是汽车行驶系的重要组成部分。目前被动悬架应用广泛,通过计算机建模,并建立微分方程,利用现代控制理论的知识,建立二自由度悬架模型的仿真模拟图。分析了悬架在随机输入情况下的悬架动行程、轮胎动位移。仿真出频率函数响应结果曲线。在计算机的模拟与仿真下,对被动悬架有了更深的了解,为进一步工程研究提供了基础。     

基于T-S模型的主动悬架保性能控制研究

建立了1/2车4自由度主动悬架的T-S模糊模型,提出了基于该模型的模糊保性能控制方案,并且针对含有参数不确定性的主动悬架系统进行了仿真。结果表明该方法能够取得较满意的控制效果,也证明了主动悬架系统在减少振动、提高汽车平顺性方面要优于被动悬架。