绿色高速公路运营期在线监测技术体系研究——环境、气象、能耗监测

为了做好高速公路运营期环境、气象、能耗的在线监测,保证行车安全、提升服务功能、减少碳排放,本文针对高速公路运营期的空气、水、噪声等环境污染问题,气象灾害导致的交通事故问题,运管养护能源消耗量大的问题,提出建立绿色高速公路在线监测技术体系。该体系基于环境监测、气象监测、能耗监测三个方面,明确监测布点选择及相应指标,开展基础数据采集,并架构在线监测系统平台进行综合分析。该体系面向高速公路管理部门,可为高速公路管理决策提供技术支持,为运营期在线监测技术的集成应用奠定理论基础。     

浅谈陇南山区高速公路施工期环境监测

文章针对高速公路施工期间的环境监测情况进行研究,对项目施工期环境监测的重要意义及主要目的进行了阐述,并结合高速公路环境监测的特点,以渭源(路园)至武都(两水)高速公路为例,从监测因子、监测点位的确定等方面着手,阐述了监测方案制定的程序,为监测工作的进行提供参考。     

高速公路运营期节能减排绩效评价指标体系研究

基于高速公路运营期能源消耗和污染物排放的特点,对高速公路运营期节能减排绩效进行定性评价,提出了节能减排评价体系以及评价指标选取的原则,并按照各评价指标对运营期节能减排的影响程度,采用突变级数法对指标进行了定性和定量的对比分析,并以运营期能耗和排放的主要环节即隧道、收费站等管理单位和服务区等服务单位三个方面作为分类依据,建立了相对应的节能减排绩效评价指标体系,并形成了各评价体系的等级划分标准,为高速公路运营期节能减排绩效评价提供理论基础。     

高速公路运营期声屏障降噪效果监测探讨

文章概述了高速公路交通噪声的特征、危害及主要防治措施,结合声屏障设计、建造、使用特点及现状,提出了定期开展高速公路运营期声屏障降噪效果监测工作的建议及监测方法,可为高速公路声屏障的管理提供参考依据。     

甘肃高速公路扬尘与水污染问题浅析与治理

近年来随着经济的不断发展,高速公路网遍及全国各地,为人们的工作、生活、经济活动提供着重要的保障和支持,与此同时也对我们的环境造成了一定的影响。为了进一步了解甘肃高速公路扬尘与水污染问题,文章以甘肃河西地区高速公路环境监测为例,对公路施工期和运营期的扬尘和水污染问题进行了介绍并提出相应的解决措施,以期为甘肃高速公路扬尘和水污染治理提供参考。     

山西省高速公路运营期节能减排现状及对策研究

介绍了山西省高速公路运营期附属设施能耗和污染物排放现状,分析了高速公路运营期节能减排的主要影响因素,提出了相应的高速公路运营期节能减排措施和对策,以推动高速公路节能减排的健康发展。     

对高速公路应急监测系统的规划探讨

文章结合广西相关高速公路管理单位应急监测系统的工程实际经验,分析了高速公路应急事件的特点,研究了高速公路重点路段应急监测系统及其子系统的构成和规划,主要探讨了高速公路气象与环境监测系统、气象灾害预警发布系统(HMI)和气象环境灾害预警中心站(HMC)的主要特点和规划思路,为相关部门处置高速公路应急事件提供参考。     

浅谈甘肃河西地区高速公路施工期环境监测

文章以敦煌至当金山高速公路为例,从现场调查、优化布点、样品采集、运送保存、分析处理和综合评价等方面着手,阐述了高速公路环境监测的过程,为监测工作的进行提供参考。     

浅谈敦煌高速公路施工期环境监测

文章主要以柳格国高(G3011)敦煌至当金山口高速公路为例,对高速公路施工期环境监测情况进行研究,并且制定出一套合理化、规范化的监测方案,以便于能够更好的开展高速公路环境保护工作。     

高速公路的环保与景观设计

介绍高速公路环保与景观的重要性,简述高速公路环保、景观的设计原则、措施及设计举例.     

Analysis of factors affecting the choice of route of pedestrians

Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD).

An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip.

It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links.     

Non-parametric analyses of efficiency of airports

This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress.     

波纹管应力分析研究进展

评述了波纹管应力理论研究方法的进展情况，围绕解析法、工程近似法和数值法，对波纹管理论研究中的一些主要成果作了较详细的回顾和总结，对各种研究方法作出了评价，展望了亟待解决的一些问题。     

输油管道中原油乳状液的流变性研究

原油乳状液的流变性是原油开采后在管道中输送的重要研究方面,为了更好地研究这一性质,采用电动搅拌机、偏光显微镜以及流变仪等仪器来测定不同含水率的原油乳状液在不同条件下的黏度,观测不同含水率的原油乳状液在偏光显微镜下的形态。并且分别对原油乳状液的黏度与含水率之间的关系以及与剪切速率之间的关系进行研究,初步确定了所测区块原油乳状液的转相点以及该区块原油乳状液的流变特性,为生产中的油气集输提供了理论依据。     

城市轨道交通杂散电流监测系统概述

介绍了城市轨道交通工程中杂散电流不同的监测系统的构成,分析了集中式、分散式和智能型等监测系统的配置和功能,以及智能型实时在线监测系统的重要意义,为轨道交通工程杂散电流监测系统的选择与应用提供参考。     

埋地管道防腐保温层失效评价

明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。     

Preliminary results of an analysis of areas of influence in Shanghai

The main deficiency of most current modeling approaches to transportation can be identified as neglect of the integration of existing geographical knowledge in regard to the ex ante transport/land use modeling approaches, with its focus on territorial dynamics and theory development. This paper addresses this aspect of the problem by introducing a theoretical and methodological framework for the analysis of the interrelationship between land uses. The analysis attempts to determine to what extent the functional land use in a city can be considered an ordered pattern. The order sought does not rely on purely spatial configurations, but on the correlation of transportation and land use. The first section of this paper focuses on theoretical considerations. It stresses the fact that conventional approaches do not apply in the present context. It then suggests an alternative based on areas of influence and measured in terms of level of attractance of land uses. The second describes a procedure based on this alternative following the remarkable contribution of Hanjoul, Beguin and Thill. An application of this procedure to the analysis of Shanghai is then examined. Finally, an evaluation of the strategies for optimizing the interrelationship between land uses is presented. The paper concludes with a possible research agenda.     

实现多组态计量软件集中监控的可行性分析

天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本.     

注汽管道承压能力评估和实物试验验证

基于失效评估图技术对某注汽管道进行了承压能力评价,给出了管线在不同腐蚀壁厚情况下的极限承压能力和极限裂纹尺寸。并利用实物爆破试验验证了评价方法的安全性和有效性,通过对爆破断口进行宏观和微观分析,发现管段的开裂属于脆性开裂。     

Direct analysis of the perceived importance of attributes of reliability of travel modes in urban travel

Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area.