作业成本法在集箱运输业的应用

目前，远洋集装箱运输企业全球竞争激烈。各大远洋集装箱运输公司不管是实行低成本竞争策略。还是差别化竞争策略，都需要了解其总成本或者提供特色服务而付出的附加成本，作业成本法有助于远洋集装箱运输企业准确了解其客户成本。本文探讨了作业成本法在远洋集装箱运输企业的适用性，以及计算的流程和步骤。     

泛太平洋区域2003年集装箱运输预测

在过去的一年中,由于受到国际经济持续低迷的影响,再加上去年9月29日爆发的美国西海岸港口的“封港”事件的严重影响,泛太平洋集装箱运输航线的运价就像汪洋大海中的汹涌波涛,反复无常,凡是经营泛太平洋集装箱运输航线的远洋承运人不约而同地把目光投放在2003年,希望今年出现一个平稳发展的泛太平洋集装箱运输前景。 回顾2002年初,人们不难发现当时的泛太平洋集装箱运输经营人中的一些缺乏远见卓识的集装箱远洋承运人竟然是那么小心翼翼,愚蠢地抱着低运价不放,唯恐     

关于我国远洋集装箱船型问题的探讨

面对着我国远洋集装箱运输进入大发展时期,选用何种船型成为一大决策问题。本文从对世界海上集装箱发展情况的研究着手,根据我国开展远洋集装箱运输的条件:进出口货物、港口、航道以及船队情况,分析论证了西北欧、北美、地中海与波斯湾等主要航线上适用的集装箱船型。并对现有滚装船与多用途船的使用等问题提出了建议。     

落子天津卫 意指东北亚

10月27日，中国远洋控股股份有限公司（“中国远洋”）旗下中远集装箱运输有限公司与天津港集团国际物流发展有限公司合资成立的天津滨海中远集装箱物流有限公司在天津保税区举行了隆重的开业庆典仪式。     

集装箱运输中的托运人决定权

交通运输和通信技术的发展几乎每时每刻都在改变世界，尤其是集装箱运输模式一直在推动全球贸易快速增长，有人甚至认为集装箱运输促使世界大变样。但是值得注意的是，集装箱运输不仅仅在运输条件上让干散货或者件杂货运输变成集装箱运输，还促使托运人或收货人与远洋承运人洽谈服务合同的方式发生变革。     

铁路与“远洋”联姻“中国远洋二号”专列首发

6月30日下午2时45分,一列满载集装箱专列在何家湾车站首发。冠名为“中国远洋二号”的集装箱专列,是中国远洋集装箱运输有限公司与上海铁路分局,强强联手,优势互补,定     

多式联运在勒阿弗尔

勒阿弗尔港是是远洋船舶来往欧洲的第一个港口,是塞纳河中下游工业区的进出口门户。本文通过集装箱运输体系、良好的集装箱运输前景等几个方面介绍了法国第一港勒阿弗尔港的基本情况。     

中远集装箱运输有限公司

中远集装箱运输有限公州（简称中远集运），是1998年1月27日由北京中国远洋运输（集团）总公司下属的集装箱运输总部迁到上海与上海远洋运输公司合并组建的，企业类型为上市公司的全资子公司，2005年6月30日中远集运作为中国远洋（HK．1919）的重要资产在香港联交所上市，2007年6月26日，中国远洋（上海股票代码：601919）成功回归A股市场。     

港口企业开展集装箱航运业务的利弊

<正>2015年3月14日,在广州举行的"建设广州国际航运中心三年(2015―2017年)行动计划"专家咨询会上,广州港首次提出组建自己的海运船队。方案规定,由广州港集团有限公司(以下简称广州港集团)、广东省航运集团有限公司、广州发展航运有限公司等单位出资组建广州远洋集装箱运输企业,发展本地远洋集装箱运输船队。这表明,继营口港务集团有限公司(以下简称营口港务集团)参股大     

铁路集装箱运输物流化发展

2006年全国铁路完成货运周转量21955亿吨公里,占全社会货运周转量(不含远洋)的49%。铁路作为国民经济的命脉,在综合运输体系中的地位和作用越来越突出。集装箱运输是全球货物运输的发展,各种运输方式集装化程度逐年提高。由于铁路集装箱运输受到技术装备水平低、     

Connectivity analysis of the global shipping network by eigenvalue decomposition

ABSTRACT

Maritime shipping necessitates flexible and cost-effective port access worldwide through the global shipping network. This paper presents an efficient method to identify major port communities, and analyses the network connectivity of the global shipping network based on community structure. The global shipping network is represented by a signless Laplacian matrix which can be decomposed to generate its eigenvectors and corresponding eigenvalues. The largest gaps between the eigenvalues were then used to determine the optimal number of communities within the network. The eigenvalue decomposition method offers the advantage of detecting port communities without relying on a priori assumption about the number of communities and the size of each community. By applying this method to a dataset collected from seven world leading liner shipping companies, we found that the ports are clustered into three communities in the global container shipping network, which is consistent with the major container trade routes. The sparse linkages between port communities indicate where access is relatively poor.     

Cost analysis of bulk cargo containerization

ABSTRACT

Bulk cargo containerization (BCC) involves changes in the transportation mode of container shipping for cargo that uses bulk carriers without packing. This topic has recently attracted considerable attention as an alternative transportation method for container cargo. BCC is advantageous because it can address imbalances in the amount of cargo conveyed between the main and back hauls, thereby improving efficiency. A previous survey among companies involved in cargo shipping revealed that in addition to ocean freight, vanning and devanning, and customs clearance costs, consignees’ decisions were the key factor in selecting transport modes. The present study aims to clarify the cost competitiveness of container shipping and identify cost reductions that may increase the use of BCC. To quantitatively check the results of the survey employed in this study, we constructed a model based on consignees’ and container shipping companies’ costs to determine the choice of transport mode for back-haul trade, then examined the incentives for consignees and shipping companies. We found that BCC can be realized by cost reduction on the part of the consignee and profit improvement on the part of the container shipping company for some routes and goods. Although reducing the freight rate would effectively promote BCC, reducing other costs would not have the same effect.     

Analysis of container port policy by the reaction of an equilibrium shipping market

In the competitive container cargo transportation market, shipping companies are drastically changing their strategy vis-a-vis routing and port choice by the formation of global alliances. In such a situation, the effectiveness of port management policy in persuading container liners to use the port is most important. The paper discusses port management policy in an equilibrium shipping market. A model is proposed to simulate the flow of foreign trade container cargo using game theory. It is used to explain the interaction of port management policy, shipping companies and shippers.     

集装箱运输的发展及我国航运公司的发展策略

介绍了近几年国际集装箱班轮市场的发展情况及所呈现的趋势；然后分析了我国的集装箱班轮公司在国际海运市场竞争中的优劣；最后为我国航运企业的发展提出了几点建议。     

国际集装箱运输市场特点及我国的对策

本文从论述集装箱运输现状及国际集装箱运输市场的特点出发，阐述了我国集装箱运输的对策问题。     

集装箱船舶大型化对中国班轮运输的影响

通过竞争情报分析提供了各班轮公司未来船队结构和运力的变化趋势,由此观察到各班轮公司为了降低自身的营运成本,在最近几年大量订购超巴拿马型甚至更大型的集装箱船舶参与运输,但是却不能达到其预期的规模效应。原因就在于相当一部分成本随着船型的增大而线性增加,规模不经济。我们探讨了中国的班轮运输市场的几个重要特点:中外贸易的不平衡导致了货源的不平衡;未来贸易结构的调整会影响航线的布局和调派;贸易上的不稳定因素使班轮公司遇到外在的风险。这些特点会深远地影响集装箱船舶大型化的经济受益,相反的,集装箱船舶大型化的趋势也会加剧这些负面的影响,危及整个班轮运输市场。     

Risk perception affecting the performance of shipping companies: the moderating effect of China and Korea

Risks in the shipping industry have been highlighted and have attracted significant attention, especially following the bankruptcy of Hanjin in 2017. Due to the decrease in container volume, the business environment for large shipping companies in China has deteriorated. Therefore, major large shipping companies have implemented mixed ownership reform, which provides more opportunities for large Korean shipping companies to enter the Chinese shipping industry. This study first identifies risk perception, specifically focusing on the moderating effect of Chinese and Korean shipping companies, and then demonstrates the impact of these risks on shipping company performance. The results show that market, operational, and technical risks have a negative influence on Chinese shipping companies, whereas market, policy, financial, operations, and technical risks have a negative influence on Korean shipping companies. This study contributes to the fundamental understanding of the effect of risk perception on performance among shipping companies in both countries and calls for further research on risk management plans based on the risk factors identified herein. On a practical level, this study provides an important reference for operators and investors who seek to enter strategic alliances or joint venture in Chinese shipping industry.     

Green shipping management capability and firm performance in the container shipping industry

This study empirically identifies crucial green shipping management capability and examines its impact on firm performance using survey data collected from container shipping firms, including shipping companies and agencies. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis is performed to identify three critical green shipping management capability dimensions, namely, greener policy, greener ships, and greener suppliers. In this study, firm performance is categorized into environmental performance and financial performance. The results indicate that a greener policy has a direct and positive influence on both the greener ships and the greener suppliers factors. Greener ships and greener suppliers are found to have an indirect and positive influence on financial performance through environmental performance. Accordingly, this study suggests that container shipping managers could focus on organizational green shipping management capability, specifically regarding policies, ships, and suppliers, to improve their environmental and financial performance. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings for container shipping firms have been discussed.     

Optimal management of human resources in transhipment container ports

Human resources allocation plays a key role in transhipment maritime container terminals to achieve high levels of productivity and provide high quality services to shipping companies. The deep interest of container terminals in this issue can be supported by optimization methods. In this work, an optimization model is proposed to determine the optimal daily allocation of crane operators and trailer drivers. Different requirements are taken into account for permanent staff, external workers and personnel shortfall. Since workforce undermanning is a crucial factor for both shipping companies and container terminals, we aim to show that personnel shortfalls and operation delays can be significantly reduced if the model encompasses a longer-than-1-day planning horizon in a rolling horizon fashion.     

Korean liner shipping in the era of global alliances

In the course of the last two decades Korean shipping has emerged as a major player in the liner market. In 1970 there was not a single container ship in the Korean fleet; yet, within the next two decades, shipping companies from Korea have become included among the top 10 liner operators in the world, in the context of a spectacular ascent of Asian companies in international container shipping. During the same period the organization of liner shipping itself underwent major changes. In the 1970s and 1980s, pools and powerful consortia prevailed, maximizing frequency and optimizing fleet deployment under pressure from the high investment entailed by containerization. The era of consortia, however, came to a close in the early 1990s; intermodalism and the expansion of the major liner companies into forward and backward segments of the transport chain rendered them inflexible for pursuing individual strategies of product diversification with a view to larger market shares. Global alliances were finally born as a result of a major reshuffling of co-operation agreements and of the globalization of the production process on the demand side. The aim of this paper is to follow and assess the options available to an aggressive low-cost national fleet in its journey to competitive maturity through a period of changing organization of liner shipping, focusing on the course of the leading Korean container company, and one of the largest in the world today, Hanjin. It highlights at the same time both the deep structural changes which liner shipping has undergone in the last two decades and the effects of current changes, such as the recent wave of mergers in this sector.