自适应交互式多模型算法改进探讨

交互式多模型算法是一种较为有效的机动目标跟踪算法.介绍交互式多模型算法的设计思想和算法结构,归纳几种自适应交互式多模型算法的特点及相互关系.通过分析自适应交互式多模型算法的不足,探讨自适应交互式多模型算法的改进问题.     

基于加权预测残差的模型群切换算法研究

以舰艇反导武器系统中的机动目标跟踪与预测方法研究为背景,在分析变结构多模型算法的基本框架及模型群切换算法仿真计算流程的基础上,依据滤波过程中预测残差对跟踪精度的影响,提出一种基于加权残差的模型群切换方法.针对现代反舰导弹末端"蛇行机动"的运动特点,设计了不同的模型集,在想定的初始条件下进行Monte Carlo仿真实验,结果表明:提出的算法运行稳定,具有较高的费效比.     

改进的YOLOv3水面障碍物检测方法

为了提高无人艇在自主航行过程中对水面常见障碍物检测的精度，解决模型参数量较大、模型复杂难以应用于嵌入式设备的问题，提出一种改进的YOLOv3水面常见障碍物检测方法。使用K-means++算法对自建数据集进行聚类得到新的锚框参数，通过添加雨雾噪声的数据增强方法优化模型在复杂天气状况下的障碍物检测能力。针对模型参数量较大问题，使用深度可分离卷积和注意力机制模块重构特征提取网络中的残差结构。为了优化预测框的回归效果，引入SIo U损失函数，将预测框与真实框的方向角度作为损失之一，加快训练速度，提高推理的准确性。通过试验验证了改进后模型参数量缩减了44%，检测精度提高了5.19%，漏检率也有所降低，能有效进行水面障碍物的检测。     

基于S修正卡尔曼滤波的自适应网格模糊交互多模型算法研究

针对机动目标跟踪问题中,固定结构多模型(FSMM)算法费效比不高以及交互式多模型(IMM)算法马尔可夫转移概率难以准确确定的问题,研究一种基于S修正卡尔曼滤波的自适应网格模糊交互式多模型(AGFIMM-SKF)算法。该算法通过自适应网格调整实现了模型集自适应,通过模糊逻辑推理得到模型集中各个模型的匹配度,并且对标准卡尔曼滤波器进行S修正。仿真结果表明,AG-FIMM-SKF算法与标准的IMM算法相比,可以有效提高多模型算法的精度和费效比,且适合工程应用。     

基于向量评价遗传算法的工程项目多目标优化

进度、费用和质量为工程项目的3大主要控制目标，工程项目多目标优化就是要尽可能实现3大目标的和谐统一。利用多目标优化理论建立了面向工程项目的多目标优化模型，给出了利用向量评价遗传算法对工程项目多目标优化问题的求解设计思路，阐述了算法的实现流程，并通过实例验证了该模型有效解决工程项目多目标优化的可行性。     

基于小波网络的水下机器人推进器故障诊断

针对小波神经网络的隐层小波函数可以调节伸缩因子与平移因子影响网络输出的特点，将其伸缩因子与平移因子引入到最小扰动动态学习率的学习算法中。此算法通过计算动态学习率，使得小波函数的伸缩因子与平移因子以及网络连接权值的变化最小，这样便可提高小波神经网络的稳定性和收敛速度。使用这种小波神经网络对机器人建模，通过比较模型的输出（运动状态估计值）与实际测量值可得到残差，并分析残差提取故障判断准则，从而进行推进器故障诊断。仿真试验验证了该方法的有效性。     

一种基于位置误差检测门限的机动目标跟踪算法

文章针对交互多模型算法（IMM）运算量大、模型集设定偏离真实目标机动轨迹等情况,通过将变结构交互多模型算法（VSMM）的机动检测准则进行改进,提出了一种基于位置误差检测门限的VSMM算法。通过将两种算法的跟踪效果进行仿真对比,结果说明文章所提算法能够较为有效地改善对机动目标的跟踪情况,具有一定的理论价值。     

雷达跟踪机动目标的多模型算法研究

研究了多模型算法在雷达跟踪机动目标中的应用,并以所提出的一种多模型算法说明了多模型算法的有效性。     

基于MOHSSA的组立装焊线混流低碳调度研究

以最小化完工时间、最小化碳排放为目标，建立船舶组立混流生产线低碳调度模型，并提出一种多目标混合麻雀搜索算法进行求解。基于离散问题设计一种二维向量编码方式，利用排序值规则实现连续位置与离散调度之间的转换；采用基于混沌映射和反向学习策略的种群初始化来改善初始解的质量；在保留麻雀搜索算法框架的基础上融合粒子群算法和鸡群算法，同时采取多种混合策略来提高算法的寻优能力；通过算例试验测试和某船厂的生产实例仿真验证了模型和多目标算法的有效性。     

神经网络在舰船噪声识别中的应用

本文基于多层前馈型网络模型发展了一种利用声纳信号进行目标识别的技术，并在对传统BP算法局限性详细分析的基础上，对其稍作改进，提出了BP－选择学习算法。实验表明，此算法对噪声信号的识别效果好于BP算法。     

基于多模的符号递归常数模算法研究与仿真

针对符号递归常数模算法(SR-CMA)稳定性差、剩余误差大的缺点,提出了一种适用于正交幅度调制(QAM)信号的双模式盲均衡算法.该算法在初始模式中采用运算量较小的SR-CMA算法进行均衡,利用判决圆环对均衡器输出信号进行判决,当误码率降到足够低的水平时自动切换到多模算法,以进一步降低均方误差.利用水声信道模型进行仿真,结果表明,该算法性能稳定,计算量小,稳态剩余误差低于CMA和SR-CMA算法.该算法能够有效降低高速水声通信的误码率,提高水声信道均衡的稳定性.     

基于Faster R-CNN的高速公路抛落物检测

采用传统的基于图像处理的检测方法对高速公路抛落物进行检测不仅耗时耗力,而且检测效果不理想,为解决该问题,提出一种基于Faster R-CNN的深度学习检测方法.在原始Faster R-CNN的基础上,采用残差网络Resnet101代替传统的VGG-16网络和ZFNet网络,作为图像特征提取网络;采用尺寸为4像素、8像素和16像素的锚框代替原始锚框,得到高速公路抛落物检测模型.采用自制的高速公路抛落物数据集对该检测方法的有效性进行验证,结果显示,采用该方法检测的平均准确率达到了91.75％,相比原始的Faster R-CNN算法和yolov3算法,分别提高了7.02％和11.13％.     

高桩码头基桩动力损伤诊断方法研究综述

文章对传统的基桩检测的主要方法及其存在的局限性进行了综述,并对可能用于基桩损伤诊断的模态参数法、基于频响函数变化的损伤诊断法、模型修正法、神经网络法、遗传算法、小波分析法、残余力向量法进行探讨。最后对基桩损伤诊断领域的一些研究方向进行了展望。     

基于自动识别系统和门控递归装置的港口流量预测模型（英文）

Water transportation today has become increasingly busy because of economic globalization.In order to solve the problem of inaccurate port traffic flow prediction,this paper proposes an algorithm based on gated recurrent units(GRUs) and Markov residual correction to pass a fixed cross-section.To analyze the traffic flow of ships,the statistical method of ship traffic flow based on the automatic identification system(AIS) is introduced.And a model is put forward for predicting the ship flow.According to the basic principle of cyclic neural networks,the law of ship traffic flow in the channel is explored in the time series.Experiments have been performed using a large number of AIS data in the waters near Xiazhimen in Zhoushan,Ningbo,and the results show that the accuracy of the GRU-Markov algorithm is higher than that of other algorithms,proving the practicability and effectiveness of this method in ship flow prediction.     

MLFMA应用于舰船RCS计算中迭代残差的选择

针对舰船RCS,提出了对多层快速多极子算法(MLFMA)应用于工程实践的改进措施。本文的研究思路与以往的研究者有所不同,另辟蹊径选择了迭代残差作为实践研究的突破口,探索出适合于工程实践的算法运用结论。通过对多个迭代残差值的比较,选择出使计算结果精度基本不变而迭代次数减少的迭代残差值,从而直接提高了计算收敛速度。数值计算结果表明,对于某型舰艇模型来说,0.01是比较合适的值。同时,这一方法对舰船类大型目标的电磁计算也有指导意义和工程实用价值。     

Residual circulation in the Ría de Muros (NW Spain): A 3D numerical model study

The residual circulation of the Ría de Muros, a large coastal embayment in NW Spain, are studied using a three-dimensional baroclinic finite-difference model. The driving forces considered by the model include the tide, winds, river inflows and density forcing at the open boundary. In situ data of current velocity and direction, water level, wind velocity and direction, river discharge, and temperature and salinity are used for model validation. Simulated and observed time series of water level and current velocity are in good agreement. Once validated, the model is applied to compute the residual circulation induced by the relevant agents of the ría hydrodynamics—the tide, an upwelling-favourable wind characteristic of spring and summer, a downwelling-favourable wind typical of winter, and freshwater inflows associated with high river runoff. The resulting residual circulation differ notably. The tide does not generate significant residual flows except in the inner ría. By contrast, winds and river discharges induce important residual flows throughout; in the middle and outer ría they generate a 3D residual circulation pattern which renders the conventional two-layer scheme of estuarine circulation too simplistic in this case. Thus, this first application of a 3D numerical model to the Ría de Muros sheds new light on its fundamental hydrodynamics.     

定位焊顺序对单面埋弧焊接头残余应力和变形的影响（英文）

Submerged arc welding(SAW) is advantageous for joining high thickness materials in large structure due to high material deposition rate. The non-uniform heating and cooling generates the thermal stresses and subsequently the residual stresses and distortion. The longitudinal and transverse residual stresses and angular distortion are generally measured in large panel structure of submerged arc welded fillet joints. Hence, the objective of this present work is to quantify the amount of residual stress and distortion in and around the weld joint due to positioning of stiffeners tack. The tacking sequence influences the level of residual stress and proper controlling of tacking sequences is required to minimize the stress. In present study, an elasto-plastic material behavior is considered to develop the thermo mechanical model which predicts the residual stress and angular distortion with varying tacking sequences. The simulated result reveals that the tacking sequence heavily influences the residual stress and deformation pattern of the single sided fillet joint. The finite element based numerical model is calibrated by comparing the experimental data from published literature. Henceforth, the angular distortions are measured from an in-house developed experimental set-up. A fair agreement between the predicted and experimental results indicates the robustness of the developed numerical model. However, the most significant conclusion from present study states that tack weld position should be placed opposite to the fillet weld side to minimize the residual stress.     

Influence of tacking sequence on residual stress and distortion of single sided fillet submerged arc welded joint

Submerged arc welding (SAW) is advantageous for joining high thickness materials in large structure due to high material deposition rate. The non-uniform heating and cooling generates the thermal stresses and subsequently the residual stresses and distortion. The longitudinal and transverse residual stresses and angular distortion are generally measured in large panel structure of submerged arc welded fillet joints. Hence, the objective of this present work is to quantify the amount of residual stress and distortion in and around the weld joint due to positioning of stiffeners tack. The tacking sequence influences the level of residual stress and proper controlling of tacking sequences is required to minimize the stress. In present study, an elasto-plastic material behavior is considered to develop the thermo mechanical model which predicts the residual stress and angular distortion with varying tacking sequences. The simulated result reveals that the tacking sequence heavily influences the residual stress and deformation pattern of the single sided fillet joint. The finite element based numerical model is calibrated by comparing the experimental data from published literature. Henceforth, the angular distortions are measured from an in-house developed experimental set-up. A fair agreement between the predicted and experimental results indicates the robustness of the developed numerical model. However, the most significant conclusion from present study states that tack weld position should be placed opposite to the fillet weld side to minimize the residual stress.     

内压对锥柱耐压壳焊接残余应力影响的数值模拟与试验研究

耐压结构在使用前一般都要进行内压试验,经过内压试验后结构的焊接残余应力会发生改变。残余应力的变化会对结构的力学特性有一定影响。文章首先运用ANSYS的APDL语言编写了大尺度锥柱耐压壳模型焊接残余应力数值模拟程序,对耐压结构的初始残余应力和经过内压试验后残余应力的变化进行计算;然后,采用X射线无损检测方法对该大尺度锥柱耐压壳模型的初始残余应力和经过内压试验后的残余应力进行测量。计算结果与试验结果表明,随着内压增加,内壳残余拉应力不断降低;而外壳残余压应力则变化不大;并且数值模拟结果与试验结果基本吻合。该文研究结果为更加合理可靠地进行耐压结构力学特性分析提供了理论依据。     

船舶甲板分段纵骨焊接变形和残余应力数值模拟

基于非线性分析软件Abaqus,采用顺序耦合的热弹塑性有限元方法研究典型船舶甲板分段纵骨焊接的变形与残余应力问题。焊接过程中的温度场分析采用具有截面积分shell单元的shell/solid模型,移动热源为高斯分布与均匀体组合热源,材料考虑应变随温度变化的特性。通过与T型接头焊接实验结果对比,验证了方法的可靠性。在此基础上,计算分析了甲板分段纵骨焊接的整体变形和局部板格变形,并讨论了外板纵向和横向焊接残余应力分布规律。