螺旋桨脉动压力及噪声特性的数值模拟研究

采用LES方法结合FW-H声学模型计算分析了螺旋桨的近场脉动压力和远场声辐射特性。近场脉动压力分析结果表明:脉动压力频谱特性在桨盘面和桨轴方向存在差异,脉动压力幅值随着距离增大迅速衰减;若要得到螺旋桨远场辐射噪声,声压接收点的位置需至少距离螺旋桨10倍直径。远场噪声指向性分析结果发现:声压总级在桨轴纵向平面呈现椭圆形分布,轴向总声级比盘面周向大。此外,噪声频谱特性的分析结果发现,桨盘面和桨轴方向声辐射频率特性也存在差异。     

舰船辐射噪声特征建模

介绍一种舰船辐射噪声1/3 Oct谱模型建立方法.通过分别对机械噪声、螺旋桨直接辐射噪声及桨轴激励艇体振动噪声的特征规律研究,建立了机械和螺旋桨的额定声压脉动谱模型及桨轴激励艇体响应函数模型.根据机械噪声和螺旋桨噪声同航速的变化关系,得到不同转速下的合成辐射噪声1/3 Oct谱.利用Matlab GUI编写舰船辐射噪声...     

螺旋桨脉动压力激励艉部结构引起的辐射噪声计算方法

本文根据水面船舶艉部结构的特点建立了螺旋桨脉动压力激励艉部结构的声辐射模型,推导了该模型的声辐射计算公式.并对典型船舶结构在四叶桨脉动压力作用下的辐射声进行数值计算,获得其远场辐射声.     

循环水槽推进叶轮近场辐射噪声的数值模拟

为了研究大型循环水槽中推进叶轮的辐射噪声特性,建立了叶轮和管道的模型并进行了数值模拟。采用CFD方法,使用滑移网格方法实现推进叶轮的旋转,研究定常流场中推进叶轮的水动力和声辐射。在叶轮周围和桨轴后部布置一圈环形测点和一列轴向测点,监测叶轮径向和轴向各测点处的压力脉动,通过傅里叶变换得到各测点的噪声频谱。结果表明,推进叶轮轮缘处的噪声大致相同,在低频处声压级呈周期性变化,在高频处声压值不断降低,推进叶轮桨轴后的轴向测点声压随着距离增加而迅速变小。     

循环水槽推进叶轮近场辐射噪声数值模拟

为研究大型循环水槽中推进叶轮的辐射噪声特性,建立叶轮和管道的模型并对其进行数值模拟。采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法和滑移网格方法实现推进叶轮旋转,研究定常流场中推进叶轮的水动力和声辐射。在叶轮周围和桨轴后部布置一圈环形测点和一列轴向测点,监测叶轮径向和轴向各测点处的压力脉动,通过傅里叶变换得到各测点的噪声频谱。结果表明,推进叶轮轮缘处的噪声大致相同,在低频处声压级呈周期性变化,在高频处声压值不断减小,推进叶轮桨轴后的轴向测点声压随着距离的增加而迅速变小。     

艇后大侧斜螺旋桨负载噪声数值分析（英文）

为研究艇后非均匀流场中大侧斜螺旋桨无空泡负载噪声的分布规律,文章采用"CFD+BEM"法,以SUBOFF潜艇后某大侧斜桨为研究对象,首先稳态计算均匀进流下螺旋桨敞水特性,模拟系数值与实验误差在3%以内,验证了CFD数值计算的可信性。然后采用大涡(LES)模拟,对"艇+桨"进行三维非定常数值模拟,计算得到桨表面声偶极子数据后,通过距离加权平均法映射到声网格节点上,将噪声源直接分布在桨叶表面上进行积分来预报螺旋桨的低频线谱噪声。采用边界元法基于扇声源理论通过FW-H声类比方程分别在1 k Hz以内对桨盘面、轴向纵剖面及10倍桨半径球场的噪声进行频域求解。研究表明:桨盘面和轴向纵剖面上声指向均呈8字形,但受螺旋桨自身旋转及大侧斜的存在,指向性不唯一;球场声场显示,轴向声辐射面较大,声辐射强,径向辐射面小且辐射较弱;特征点的计算结果显示,高阶叶频声压级明显比一阶叶频低,这与物理现象相符,将特征点处结果与已发表文献进行对比,吻合性良好,并对存在的差异作出了合理的物理解释。该文为螺旋桨噪声预报介绍了一种可行的新方法。     

水中有限长圆柱壳体辐射声场特性

理论研究有源点激励时水中有限长圆柱壳体辐射声场特性。根据圆柱壳体耦合振动理论,推导有源点激励时水中有限长圆柱壳体振动速度与辐射声压计算式,计算并分析有源点激励时水中有限长圆柱壳体振动速度分布特征、声辐射近场和远场特性。研究结果表明:随着结构阻尼增大,圆柱壳体振动能量与声辐射能量向激励点处集中,且频率越高,这种集中效应越显著。在声辐射近场,声压衰减较快,其分布规律与壳体振动分布规律相近;在声辐射远场,声压衰减规律近似为球面波衰减,声压分布具有一定指向性,且激励力作用方向为声辐射主要方向。     

艇后大侧斜螺旋桨负载噪声数值分析

为研究艇后非均匀流场中大侧斜螺旋桨无空泡负载噪声的分布规律,文章采用“CFD+BEM”法,以SUBOFF潜艇后某大侧斜桨为研究对象,首先稳态计算均匀进流下螺旋桨敞水特性,模拟系数值与实验误差在3%以内,验证了CFD数值计算的可信性。然后采用大涡（LES）模拟,对“艇+桨”进行三维非定常数值模拟,计算得到桨表面声偶极子数据后,通过距离加权平均法映射到声网格节点上,将噪声源直接分布在桨叶表面上进行积分来预报螺旋桨的低频线谱噪声。采用边界元法基于扇声源理论通过FW-H声类比方程分别在1 kHz以内对桨盘面、轴向纵剖面及10倍桨半径球场的噪声进行频域求解。研究表明：桨盘面和轴向纵剖面上声指向均呈8字形,但受螺旋桨自身旋转及大侧斜的存在,指向性不唯一;球场声场显示,轴向声辐射面较大,声辐射强,径向辐射面小且辐射较弱;特征点的计算结果显示,高阶叶频声压级明显比一阶叶频低,这与物理现象相符,将特征点处结果与已发表文献进行对比,吻合性良好,并对存在的差异作出了合理的物理解释。该文为螺旋桨噪声预报介绍了一种可行的新方法。     

均匀流中螺旋桨无空泡噪声数值预报方法验证分析

为了分析敞水螺旋桨噪声性能,以某一螺旋桨为研究对象,采用大涡模拟方法对其敞水水动力性能进行计算,所得结果与试验值误差较小;然后运用基于无限元方法的声学软件Actran对螺旋桨的无空泡噪声进行数值模拟,并对特征点频谱曲线、螺旋桨声压云图、声指向性与衰减特性进行分析,得到单极子噪声特性-径向声压级高于轴向声压级,并且随着距桨中心距离的增大,声压级衰减速度减小,径向与轴向声压级差距缩小;验证数值预报方法的有效性,为船桨一体噪声数值模拟提供参考.     

艇桨一体的螺旋桨激振力和水动力噪声数值预报

[目的]螺旋桨噪声和水动力噪声是潜艇噪声控制的重点和难点,因此有必要开展艇桨一体的螺旋桨激振力和水动力噪声预报研究。[方法]以SUBOFF潜艇和DTMB 4383桨为计算对象,结合大涡模拟湍流模型和无限元方法,分析潜艇非均匀伴流场中螺旋桨激振力的变化规律,以及螺旋桨对潜艇表面压力场的影响。采用ACTRAN声学计算软件对艇桨一体的水动力噪声性能进行数值预报。[结果]计算结果表明:螺旋桨激振力的各个分量具有相同的脉动频率,脉动峰值以一阶叶频处为主,同时水平力脉动和垂直力脉动大于推力脉动;潜艇艏部、指挥台、艉翼及螺旋桨叶梢部位均存在局部高压区,这是水动力噪声的主要贡献点;艇桨一体的水动力噪声主要集中在低频段,随着频率的增加,其蝶形分布更加明显;与无桨全附体潜艇相比,带桨潜艇特征点的声压值急剧增加,对其辐射声场的影响较大。[结论]研究成果可为艇桨一体的螺旋桨设计提供参考建议。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

某海港码头的撞损修复

依据码头撞击受损区域调查检测结果,对受损构件提出合理的修复方案,为码头的安全运行提供保障。