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开发燃烧系统技术是为了优化燃油的燃烧,提高发动机的耐久性,增加功率密度。试验证明,通过改变喷油孔直径、压缩比、喷油正时、燃烧室形状、喷油嘴位置和喷射角度等参数能在保证车辆的性能和燃油经济性的前提下,有效地降低柴油机NOx的排 相似文献
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预混合燃烧和扩散燃烧是柴油机的基本燃烧模式,本文选取高压共轨直喷柴油机两种典型燃烧室:缩口型燃烧室和扩口型燃烧室,通过仿真计算研究在不同背景气流环境下基于卷吸效应的混合气形成机理。结果发现:喷射初期油束贯穿背景气流时,油束表面小尺度涡流引起的卷吸效应是形成预混合气的主要原因;对一定的喷射条件不同背景气流直接影响卷吸效应;缩口型燃烧室喷射初期卷吸作用强,预混合速率较快,且大部分燃料在燃烧室内部强滚流的作用下快速扩散燃烧,所以属于预混合扩散燃烧(PDC)模式,虽预混合燃烧占比小,但高温区宽;扩口型燃烧室虽喷射初期卷吸效应相对较弱,预混合燃烧速率较低,但油束冲击壁面凸台后形成二次预混合过程,使预混合气形成持续期延长,预混合燃烧占比大,形成双预混合扩散燃烧(DPDC)模式,通过这种DPDC燃烧模式可减小高温区域面积,由此有效抑制NOx的生成。 相似文献
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在汽车直喷式柴油机上,研究不同燃烧室几何形状对燃烧的影响,特别是收口ω燃烧室的影响。 两个普通ω燃烧室和一个收口ω燃烧室,在燃烧过程,发动机性能和排放方面进行比较。由于收口ω燃烧室的燃油喷射到温度较高的气缸壁上,因而减少了着火延迟。 由各个燃烧室紊流特性分析表明,这种燃烧室由于气缸中速度较高,紊流也伴随增加,因而促进了燃烧。从气缸中气体取样分析说明,收口ω燃烧室碳烟较少。通过推迟喷油定时,可使燃油经济性和排放较好。 相似文献
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正(接上期)十六、燃烧过程新型双涡轮增压直喷式汽油机的燃烧过程组合了涡轮增压、Valvetronic全可变气门机构和汽油缸内直接喷射等方面的技术,其主要的标志是高精度多孔喷油器以及火花塞平行布置在燃烧室中央位置(图6)。高达20MPa的喷油压力和6孔 相似文献
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One important parameter influencing mixture formation and spray/wall interaction within engines is the geometry of the nozzle. In contrast to Diesel nozzles, the influence of the orifice geometry on spray formation has hardly be investigated for gasoline nozzles. In order to demonstrate the potential of adjusting the nozzle geometry of a modern GDI nozzle, we compare two six-hole, high-pressure nozzles with an identical structure, but different rounding radius of the orifice hole-inlet and different orifice hole-geometries: nozzle A with a rounded inlet and an orifice length to diameter ratio of 3/2 and nozzle B with a sharp inlet and an orifice length to diameter ratio of 1. In a first measurement campaign the spray formation is visualized using high-speed shadowgraphy imaging. The results show differences in spray angle and penetration depth. In a second measurement campaign we examine the spray/wall interaction and wall film formation by means of infrared thermography. The thermography measurements indicate that the geometry of nozzle B produces sprays with beneficial characteristics. This is very important for a clean combustion process and a decrease of soot emissions. 相似文献
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基于进气道三维流场测试装置、定容弹喷雾试验台和光学单缸机测试系统组成的缸内直喷汽油机燃烧系统可视化开发平台,开发设计了满足设计要求的高性能进气道,并匹配了缸盖燃烧室和活塞,有助于缸内混合气的形成,提高燃烧速率;综合考虑排放与机油稀释量的基础上,优化设计了喷雾靶点。对所设计的燃烧系统进行了光学单缸机试验和热力学多缸机试验验证。结果表明,进气道和燃烧室组织引导的气流在缸内形成高滚流,对喷雾油束有强烈的弯卷作用,极大促进了均质混合气的形成,并减小喷雾碰壁的风险;喷雾靶点的合理设计有效避免喷雾油束与壁面的碰撞,减少了机油稀释率和起燃工况HC排放;所设计的燃烧系统搭载1.5TGDI发动机实现了80kW/L、最大扭矩250N·m、排放较低的性能指标。 相似文献
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《JSAE Review》2002,23(4):407-414
Fuel properties play a dominant role in the spray, mixture formation and combustion process, and are a key to emission control and efficiency optimization. This paper deals with the influence of the fuel properties on the spray and combustion characteristics in a high-pressure and temperature chamber. Light diesel fuel spray and combustion images were taken by using a high-speed video camera and analyzed by their penetration and evaporation characteristics in comparison with current diesel fuel. Then, a single-cylinder DI engine was used to investigate combustion and exhaust characteristics. The mixture formation of the light diesel fuel is faster than that of the current fuel depending on physical properties like boiling point, density, viscosity and surface tension. Engine test results show that smoke is reduced without an increase in other emissions. 相似文献
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Bo-yan Xu Xiang-long Liu Long-long Jiang Juan Xu 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2017,18(3):489-497
To obtain an ultralean air-fuel ratio and to reduce engine-out NOX and HC emissions induced by the richer mixture near the spark plug, a spray and wall complex guided combustion system has been developed by utilizing the fuel characteristics of LPG. The new combustion system configuration is optimized by using a commercial CFD code, FIRE V2013, and the reliability of the system has been experimentally demonstrated by Plane Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PLIF). The mixture formation in the new combustion system under part load (2,000 rpm) is numerically simulated. With an injection timing of 40°CA BTDC, the LPG spray which is injected from two upper holes, reaches the ignition point, and the other part of the LPG spray which is injected from the bottom hole, is directed to the ignition point through the vertical vortices at the same time. At the ignition timing of about 20°CA BTDC, the two-part mixtures have been shown to form a stable and richer stratified mixture around the ignition point, and the maximum global air-fuel ratio reaches to 60: 1. 相似文献
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为确定二甲醚掺入柴油后对燃料雾化性能的改善效果,利用阴影成像与数字图像处理技术,对不同掺混比、喷射压力以及喷孔直径等条件下的二甲醚-柴油混合燃料喷雾粒子尺寸分布特性进行了对比试验研究.结果发现:由于柴油中二甲醚的闪急沸腾作用,随着二甲醚掺混比的增加,混合燃料粒子尺寸分布曲线整体向小颗粒方向偏移,较大粒子数目较柴油明显减少,有助于降低发动机炭烟排放;喷孔直径、喷射压力等喷射参数对混合燃料雾化粒子分布有较大影响,减小喷孔直径使燃油粒子更加细化,降低喷射压力则使混合燃料雾化效果有变差的趋势. 相似文献
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柴油机的燃烧系统是混合气形成质量的关键。为改善某高强化柴油机的燃烧和排放性能,在保证原机压缩比不变的条件下,设计了一种双层双弧脊分区燃烧系统——双层燃烧室匹配双排喷孔,并基于计算流体力学软件Converge进行数值模拟,研究不同上下排喷孔油束夹角对缸内燃烧和排放的影响。研究结果表明:新设计的燃烧系统的燃烧和排放性能均优于原机,上下排喷孔油束夹角会影响燃油在上下层弧脊处的分配,较大的上排喷孔油束夹角有利于对燃烧室顶隙空间的利用和上层弧脊下侧混合气的形成,较小的下排喷孔油束夹角有利于燃烧室底部凹坑附近空气利用率的提高和混合气分布范围的增加。因此,需要对上下排喷孔油束夹角进行合理的选择和匹配,使得发动机的整体燃烧和排放性能达到最优。 相似文献