共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 265 毫秒
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基于1台自然吸气的单缸柴油机,结合缸内三维燃烧仿真计算,研究了不同直喷正时、不同预混比例条件下,直喷喷油器的喷孔数对乙醇-柴油双燃料发动机燃烧和排放特性的影响。结果表明,优化直喷喷油器的喷孔数,能影响直喷柴油的缸内分布,调控乙醇-柴油双燃料发动机燃烧过程。减少喷孔数,可以有效降低缸内高活性柴油的分布区域,减少初始着火的位置,从而降低缸内最高燃烧压力和压力升高率,并且可以在炭烟排放保持较低水平的基础上,降低氮氧化物(NO_x)排放。随着乙醇预混比例的增大,喷孔数对燃烧和排放的影响先增大后减小。随着喷油提前角的增大,由于直喷燃油在缸内混合较为均匀,喷孔数的影响作用逐渐减小。 相似文献
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高原环境柴油机喷嘴内部流场与缸内温度场的三维数值模拟 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用广安博之等准维模型,建立柴油机高原运行工作过程模型;通过环境模拟台架试验验证了模型的可信性。将准维计算结果作为喷嘴内部气液两相流动和缸内燃烧三维模拟的初始条件,就高原低压、低温、低氧条件对喷孔内燃油流动状态与分布、缸内燃烧过程的影响进行三维数值模拟。海拔3 700m计算结果表明:与平原环境相比,柴油机喷嘴内空穴现象加剧,燃油流动速度增加,喷孔出口燃油分布不均匀度增加;缸内燃烧平均温度比平原最多高出300℃且分布不均匀,燃烧室局部热负荷偏高。研究初步揭示了高原环境柴油机性能劣化机理,为通过优化缸内喷雾和燃烧过程改善高原运行发动机性能提供参考。 相似文献
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文章利用KIVA-3V程序建立了柴油机燃烧三维数值模型,并且试验验证结果表明,计算值与试验值吻合良好。对一台6缸高压共轨柴油机进行了缸内三维模拟,在晚喷条件下研究了EGR对其混合气形成过程、燃烧特性和排放特性的影响。研究结果表明,随着EGR率的增加,滞燃期增大,点火燃烧时的缸内当量比降低,并且燃油分布更加均匀。采用EGR后缸内平均温度显著降低,并且缸内高温区域和温度分布差异明显减小,从而有效抑制了NOx排放的生成。 相似文献
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柴油机的燃烧系统是混合气形成质量的关键。为改善某高强化柴油机的燃烧和排放性能,在保证原机压缩比不变的条件下,设计了一种双层双弧脊分区燃烧系统——双层燃烧室匹配双排喷孔,并基于计算流体力学软件Converge进行数值模拟,研究不同上下排喷孔油束夹角对缸内燃烧和排放的影响。研究结果表明:新设计的燃烧系统的燃烧和排放性能均优于原机,上下排喷孔油束夹角会影响燃油在上下层弧脊处的分配,较大的上排喷孔油束夹角有利于对燃烧室顶隙空间的利用和上层弧脊下侧混合气的形成,较小的下排喷孔油束夹角有利于燃烧室底部凹坑附近空气利用率的提高和混合气分布范围的增加。因此,需要对上下排喷孔油束夹角进行合理的选择和匹配,使得发动机的整体燃烧和排放性能达到最优。 相似文献
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内燃机形成碳烟的主要因素是局部氧稀薄。传统的柴油机在燃烧过程中,燃烧开始时各个燃油喷束之间的空气尚未被利用。正是出于这个原因,对2种新型喷嘴喷孔进行了试验研究,采用这2种喷嘴喷孔能更好地利用燃油喷束之间的空气,但是却使烧尽阶段的空气利用率变差,最终导致较高的颗粒物排放量。为此,法国巴黎理工大学内燃机专业与IAV汽车工程公司合作进行了试验研究。 相似文献
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T. Fang R. E. Coverdill C. -F. F. Lee R. A. White 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2008,9(5):551-561
An optically accessible single-cylinder high speed direct-injection (HSDI) Diesel engine equipped with a Bosch common rail
injection system was used to study low temperature Modulated Kinetics (MK) combustion with a retarded single main injection.
High-speed liquid fuel Mie-scattering was employed to investigate the liquid distribution and evolution. By carefully setting
up the optics, three-dimensional images of fuel spray were obtained from both the bottom of the piston and the side window.
The NOx emissions were measured in the exhaust pipe. The influence of injection pressure and injection timing on liquid fuel
evolution and combustion characteristics was studied under similar fuel quantities. Interesting spray development was seen
from the side window images. Liquid impingement was found for all of the cases due to the small diameter of the piston bowl.
The liquid fuel tip hits the bowl wall obliquely and spreads as a wall jet in the radial direction of the spray. Due to the
bowl geometry, the fuel film moves back into the central part of the bowl, which enhances the air-fuel mixing process and
prepares a more homogeneous air-fuel mixture. Stronger impingement was seen for high injection pressures. Injection timing
had little effect on fuel impingement. No liquid fuel was seen before ignition, indicating premixed combustion for all the
cases. High-speed combustion video was taken using the same frame rate. Ignition was seen to occur on or near the bowl wall
in the vicinity of the spray tip, with the ignition delay being noticeably longer for lower injection pressure and later injection
timing. The majority of the flame was confined to the bowl region throughout the combustion event. A more homogeneous and
weaker flame was observed for higher injection pressures and later injection timing. The combustion structure also proves
the mixing enhancement effect of the liquid fuel impingement. The results show that ultra-low sooting combustion is feasible
in an HSDI diesel engine with a higher injection pressure, a higher EGR rate, or later injection timing, with little penalty
on power output. It was also found that injection timing has more influence on HCCI-like combustion using a single main injection
than the other two factors studied. Compared with the base cases, simultaneous reductions of soot and NOx were obtained by
increasing EGR rate and retarding injection timing. By increasing injection pressure, NOx emissions were increased due to
leaner and faster combustion with better air-fuel mixing. However, smoke emissions were significantly reduced with increased
injection pressure. 相似文献
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基于局部线性模型树的高压共轨柴油机排放模型 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为研究面向闭环控制的柴油机在线排放模型,以1台高压共轨、涡轮增压中冷柴油机的转速、扭矩、空燃比、燃烧始点、燃烧重心、燃烧终点、最高燃烧温度、最大缸内压力等运转和燃烧的各项参数为基础,运用局部线性模型树对排放物HC,CO,CO2,NOx和烟度进行了仿真研究。研究结果表明,以转速、扭矩、空燃比为输入时,CO,CO2,NOx的仿真结果与试验值具有较好的一致性,以转速、扭矩、空燃比、燃烧重心为输入时,HC、烟度的仿真结果与试验值具有较好的一致性。各排放的期望响应与仿真输出的平均误差在10%以内,线性回归相关系数达到0.96以上。各个排放物的仿真过程单独进行时,可以得到较好的仿真效果。因此,局部线性模型树模型适用于高压共轨柴油机排放物的仿真。 相似文献
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介绍了超高压共轨系统工作原理,基于Fire软件分别建立了进气道和燃烧室的仿真模型,并在利用试验验证了模型准确性的基础上,通过模型分析了油、气、室参数间的匹配关系对超高压共轨柴油机性能的影响,为进一步改善柴油机的性能和实现油、气、室参数间的优化匹配提供了理论依据。结果表明:在超高压喷射条件下,同一喷孔直径匹配的涡流比越大(1.21~3.62范围内),越有利于改善柴油机性能,并且喷孔直径越大,改善的效果越明显,当3.62涡流比匹配0.30mm喷孔直径时,可获得最高的平均有效压力,并且此时具有最好的排放效果;同一喷孔直径匹配的燃烧室口径比越小,越有利于改善柴油机性能,并且喷孔直径越小,改善的效果越明显,当0.75燃烧室口径比匹配0.23mm喷孔直径时,可获得最佳的动力性和排放性。 相似文献
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Z. C. Liu K. B. Yu J. Tian Y. Q. Han S. L. Qi P. K. Teng 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2017,18(1):19-29
The demand for continually improving the transient performance of diesel engines requires higher rail pressure and more efficient turbocharger. Before the test, a two-stage turbocharger with a turbine by-pass valve (TBV) had been matched reasonably with the base engine. In order to reduce smoke emission under the typical 5-second transient process of constant speed and increasing torque, the influence of rail pressure on combustion, emissions and performance characteristics was experimentally investigated. The results showed that the two-stage turbocharger was helpful in improving transient performance. Moreover, the full-stage rail pressure (FSRP) strategies (increasing rail pressure during the whole transient process) could reduce smoke emission when the TBV was closed. However, smoke deteriorated once TBV opening got larger. Then the sectional-stage rail pressure (SSRP) strategies (increasing rail pressure from a pre-set load to 100 % load) were presented under small TBV opening to improve in-cylinder thermal condition. Hence, the air-fuel mixing process was improved at medium and large loads. Then the maximum decline of smoke opacity peak was 56.3 %, which happened under 10 % TBV opening. In addition, fuel consumption of FSRP strategies got worse under larger TBV opening. However, this deterioration situation could be effectively restrained by the utilization of SSRP strategies. 相似文献
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We investigated the effects of the fuel injection timing — both for early and late injection — in conjunction with the throttle
opening ratio on the fuel-air mixing characteristics, engine power, combustion stability and emission characteristics of a
DI CNG spark engine and control system that had been modified and designed according to the author’s original idea. We verified
that the combustion characteristics were affected by the fuel injection timing and that the engine conditions were affected
by the throttle opening ratios and the rpm. The combustion characteristics were greatly improved for a complete open throttle
ratio with an early injection timing and for a partial throttle ratio with a late injection timing. The combustion duration
was governed by the duration of flame propagation in late injection timing scenarios and by the duration of early flame development
in cases of early injection timing. As the result, the combustion duration is shortened, the lean limit is improved, the air-fuel
mixing conditions are controlled, and the emissions are reduced through control of the fuel injection timing and vary according
to ratio of the throttle opening. 相似文献