快速多极多域虚边界元法解不同材料组合结构

将快速多极算法和广义极小残值法（GMRES）的基本思想运用于虚边界元法的方程求解中,并构造了多域组合问题虚边界元法的快速多极展开的实施思路,且将此方法用于不同材料组合结构问题的求解.采用此方法能够使得原问题方程组求解的计算耗时量和储存量降至与所求问题的计算自由度数成线性比例.数值算例验证了方法的可行性、计算精度和计算效率.     

Development of 2D hybrid equilibrium elements in large increment method

As a force-based finite element method (FEM), large increment method (LIM) has been developed in recent years. It has been shown that LIM provided prominent advantage of parallel computation with high efficiency and low time consumption for member structural system. To fully utilize its advantage in parallel computation, it is the time to extend LIM to 2D and 3D continua analysis. In this paper, a 2D finite element library with the capability of modeling arbitrary configurations is developed. Some illustrative numerical examples are solved by using the proposed library; the obtained results are compared with those obtained from both traditional displacement-based FEM and analytical solutions, which has clearly shown the advantages of LIM.     

作业成本法在电信企业的应用研究

在中国电信企业单位产品的成本关系到企业的产品定价。本文通过作业成本法的研究,将其应用于电信企业中的产品成本中,希望有所突破,为我国电信企业的产品成本计算提供更为精细的、合理的成本计算方法。     

混合动力轿车后舱热分析

热管理影响混合动力电动轿车的性能、安全和寿命,热分析为热管理提高了基础和依据.根据后舱关键部件的热特性以及车用环境,采用有限元方法对一混合动力电动轿车后舱的温度场进行了分析计算.通过试验验证了仿真的正确性,为热管理系统集成和优化提供了依据.     

Finite Element Analysis for Multi-pass Equal Channel Angular Pressing

Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) is an attractive process method to produce bulk ultra-fine grained materials. There are many experiment evidences showing that the nature of the microstructural evolution in multi-pass ECAP depends on process routes. Isothermal three dimensional FEM simulations for multi-pass ECAP were performed using DEFORM3D finite element code. The material model of 6061Al-T6 was employed. Flow nets, effective strain distribution in the workpiece and loads during multi-pass ECAP using different routes were analysed respectively. The simulations show process routes influence material flow and effective strain distribution in the workpiece obviously but have few influence on loads.     

利用轴载谱分析高速公路水泥路面当量轴载换算系数

利用江苏省不同地区20条高速公路上2004～2006年所有货车和大客车的动态称重数据,分析确定了各自的轴载谱参数;比较了我国和AASHTO 1993水泥路面设计方法中轴载换算公式的区别,分别利用这两种方法确定了各种车型的当量轴载换算系数以及混合交通的累计轴载作用次数, 为路面结构分析和设计提供参考,并指出在参考国外相关指标和典型的路面结构时,应当注意由于国、内外水泥路面轴载换算公式不同而造成的差别.     

Alterable-element method for vehicle-bridge interaction considering the transient jump of wheel

The so called "alterable-element method" (AEM) was introduced to deal with the coupling interac-tion of vehicle and sub-structure considering the actual transient jump of wheel, while the classical "contact allalong" assumption based on which wheels and lower structure are always contact was abandoned. The alterableelement used in this method is a conceptional element, which is used to calculate the coupling interaction ofupper and lower structures and has some typical characteristics: firstly it flows along with the moving of contactpoint; secondly whether it is used for calculation depends on the contact state; thirdly its sizes could changeaccording to specific problems and so on. VISUAL FORTRAN program was coded, and different moving vehiclemodels were presented taking into consideration the effects of random corrugation in the numerical study. Thenumerical solutions are favored comparing with the results obtained by alternative methods when there is nojump phenomenon existed. With abrupt irregularity, the transient jump of wheel was studied using the presentmethod.     

利用轴载谱确定高速公路沥青路面当量轴载换算系数

交通荷载是在路面结构分析和设计中最重要的因素之一,然而我国目前在进行沥青路面当量轴载换算时,对不同车型的换算系数取值随意性较大,不能很好的反映真实情况。利用江苏省不同地区20条高速公路从2004年—2006年所有货车和大客车的动态称重(WIM)数据,分析确定了各自的轴载谱参数。比较了我国和AASH-TO1993沥青路面设计方法中的轴载换算公式的区别。分别利用两种方法确定了各种车型的当量轴载换算系数,可供沥青路面结构分析和设计参考。计算了混合交通的当量轴载作用次数,指出在对比我国和国外的交通量时,应考虑由于轴载换算方法不同而带来的差别。     

A simplified calculation method for non-stationary random seismic response of jacket platform

Jacket platform was simulated by non-uniform cantilever beam subjected to axial loading. Based on the Hamilton theory, the equation of bending motion was developed and solved by the classical Ritz method combined with the pseudo-excitation method (PEM) for non-stationary random response with non-classical damping. Usually, random response of this continuous structure is obtained by orthogonality of modes and some normal modes of the structure are needed, causing inconvenience in the analysis of the non-uniform beam whose normal modes are not easy to be obtained. However, if the PEM is extended to calculate random respouse by combining it with the classical Ritz method, the responses of non-uniform beam, such as auto-power spectral density (PSD) function, croes-PSD and higher spectral moments can be solved directly avoiding the calculation of normal modes. The numerical results show that the present method is effective and useful in aseismic design of platforms.     

Ship appearance optimal design on RCS reduction using response surface method and genetic algorithms

Radar cross section (RCS) reduction technologies are very important in survivability of the militarynaval vessels. Ship appearance shaping as an effective countermeasure of RCS reduction redirects the scatteredenergy from one angular region of interest in space to another region of little interest. To decrease the scatteringelectromagnetic signals from ship scientifically, optimization methods should be introduced in shaping design.Based on the assumption of the characteristic section design method, mathematical formulations for optimalshaping design were established. Because of the computation-intensive analysis and singularity in shapingoptimization, the response surface method (RSM) combined genetic algorithm (GA) was proposed. The poly-nomial response surface method was adopted in model approximation. Then genetic algorithms were employedto solve the surrogate optimization problem. By comparison RCS of the conventional and the optimal design,the superiority and effectiveness of proposed design methodology were verified.Ky words: radar cross section (RCS); characteristic section design method; response surface method; genetic algorithm (GA) was proposed. The polynomial response surface method was adopted in model approximation. Then genetic algorithms were employed to solve the surrogate optimization problem. By comparison RCS of the conventional and the optimal design, the superiority and effectiveness of proposed design methodology were verified.     

一类特殊的9-bit格子Boltzmann模型

基于传统流体力学的斯托克斯假设，对可压缩流体的Navier-Stokes方程的特点进行了分析．在此基础上，建立了既符合斯托克斯假设，又能模拟可压缩流体的9-bit格子Boltzmanrt模型，并运用格子Boltzmmm模型的相关理论确定了模型参数．最后，通过对尾流现象的模拟，验证了模型的可行性．     

FEM Analysis of Tube Preforming and Hydroforming Process for an Automotive Part

The tube hydroforming technology is used today in the mass production of lightweight components for the automotive industries due to its advantages over conventional stamping methods. A typical tube hydroforming process is usually a multiple forming operation process. The tube preforming and hydroforming process of an automobile subframe were analyzed by finite element method (FEM), and a parametric study was also carried out to obtain the effect of the forming parameters such as the die closing, the internal pressure and the axial feeding. The simulation results were also compared with industrial products in respect to the thickness distribution of some typical and key cross-sections. The study indicates that the internal pressure and the axial feeding should be set correctly and the multiple forming operations of tube hydroforming process can be simulated well by using the explicit code Ls-Dyna.     

高速列车表面气动噪声偶极子声源分布数值分析

以Lighthill方程为基础,采用边界元法并与计算流体动力学相结合,对高速列车表面气动噪声偶极子声源进行数值分析,以获得高速列车表面气动噪声偶极子声源分布.探讨了不同车速工况下列车车身表面气动偶极子声源的强弱及其分布特征,在此基础上对基于表面气动偶极子声源的列车外部气动声场进行了数值分析.研究表明:列车运行速度为270 km/h、频率为2.5 kHz时,声压级在90 dB以上的气动偶极子声源主要分布在车底转向架附近,其最大声源声压级约97 dB,是高速列车主要的气动噪声源区.     

资源均衡优化的原理

本文应用网络计划技术,论述了资源均衡优化的原理,并给出了优化的具体方法和步骤.文中引用方差σ~2来度量资源均衡的程度,把网络图的优化转换为求σ~2,并使其逐渐变小来获得最优方案.     

基于决策偏好的ETC系统评价指标体系及评价方法

为更好地反映不同决策者对电子收费系统（ETC）评价的偏好,从政府、运营者和付费者三个主要利益主体的角度对ETC系统的评价指标及评价方法进行了研究。根据评价指标体系筛选原则,确定了基于决策偏好的ETC系统评价指标体系;通过综合分析成本-效益法（CBA）和数据包络分析法（DEA）的各自特点,依据基于决策偏好所确定的评价指标,同时引入当前一些比较好的算法来优化CBA,DEA和AHP法,建立数学模型,从而确立了基于决策偏好的综合评价方法。该方法较为全面地对ETC系统社会经济影响进行评价,所建立的指标体系和方法能更直观、更可靠地反映出决策者的决策偏好。     

Numerical Simulation of Projection Welding Processes for Door Hinge of Automobile Based on Coupled Fields Analysis

Projection welding is a variation of electric resistance welding with the dynamic changes of the flow paths for heat and electrical properties with changing temperature caused by the large plastic deformation collapse of projection. As the joint type between the auto door hinge and the inner plate, projection welding may bring welding distortions and would affect the assembly quality of auto body. A comprehensive electric-thermal-mechanical numerical simulation was performed to quantitatively simulate the processes of projection welding by using a coupled finite element method. The mechanism of projection collapse and the formation process of nugget were discussed and good conclusions have been achieved comparing with the test results.     

心墙堆石坝应力变形有限元分析

采用平面应变有限元方法,对该坝在施工、蓄水过程中的应力变形进行了模拟分析.模拟计算中,砼材料用线弹性模型模拟,坝体土石料用邓肯-张E-v非线性弹性模型模拟,砼与黏土间的不协调位移用Goodm an接触面单元模拟.坝体的施工过程和蓄水过程均用分级加荷的方法模拟.计算结果表明,坝体应力变形无异常分布,目前的设计是合理可行的.     

有机静电感应三极管的有限元法仿真解析

通过合理建立有机静电感应三极管（OSIT）的物理仿真模型及选取合适的结构参数，采用有限元法，对OSIT在不同偏压下仿真计算其内部电位分布，进行了探索性研究。依据仿真计算结果，获得OSIT导电沟道内部电位分布，进而分析OSIT的工作特点，以及OSIT的工作特性与偏压和结构参数的依赖关系。     

东门关隧道出口新奥法施工监控量测研究

笔者详细介绍了东门关公路隧道出口软弱围岩段新奥法施工的现场监控量测工作.通过对各施工阶段的监测与分析,配合和指导其施工实践.     

军交运输装备保障效能评估方法初探

近年来,随着我军新型军交运输装备陆续列入后勤装备体制且编配部队,如何科学客观地对军交运输装备的保障效能进行评估,已成为军交运输装备全寿命管理中一个重大的理论和现实问题,目前这方面的研究基本上处于空白。阐述了军交运输装备保障效能的内涵,按军交运输装备规划设计、实际使用的不同阶段,分析了军交运输装备保障效能的几种评估方法,以期对促进我军军交运输装备保障效能理论研究提供一定的借鉴与启示。