浅析山岭区公路桥涵病害原因及对策

通过对青海省某条山岭区公路沿线的桥梁、涵洞病害进行调查,总结了其存在的主要病害问题,采取经济、合理、有效的措施对其进行了维修加固,确保了公路的正常运营。     

对环青海湖公路沿线环保整治工程的分析及建议

环青海湖公路在历次的修建、改建及养护中,由于多方的原因,公路建设后遗留在公路两侧未恢复的大量取土坑及弃土堆对沿线景观造成了一定的影响.就环青海湖公路沿线环保整治工程实施的过程及其实施后产生的生态效果进行了阐述.对今后的公路建设和此类工程的施工等有着较多的借鉴意义.     

西部项目研究成果提升天山公路病害防治能力

编者按：西部地区地形地质条件复杂，生态环境敏感脆弱，交通建设必然会遇到许多技术难题。西部项目“天山公路工程地质病害研究”，提出了天山公路建设中的灾害防治措施和环境保护对策及技术建议，不但保障了天山公路改造工程的顺利实施，而且对于新疆乃至全国山区公路泥石流等公路病害防治具有科学指导和经验借鉴作用。本篇对西部项目天山公路工程地质病害研究成果进行介绍，以期推广使用。     

蒙山至金田公路地质灾害危险性评估及防治措施

文章结合蒙山至金田公路建设项目工程实例,针对该项目地质环境条件,对公路沿线地质灾害危险性进行了预测评估,并提出了相应的灾害防治措施,为类似工程地质灾害危险性评估提供参考。     

新藏公路西藏境段冻土病害防治措施

文章结合国道219线新藏公路冻土病害处治实践，介绍了冻土的工程特性、分类以及该路线上冻土的冰缘作用，提出了在类似冻土地区公路病害的防治措施。     

浅谈公路高边坡病害治理工程中的预应力锚索施工

简述了省道阿同公路K69+795～K69+895段高边坡病害的情况,结合预应力锚索在阿同公路高边坡病害治理中的成功应用实例,介绍了预应力锚固技术在高边坡病害治理工程中的施工方法和体会.     

青莱高速公路马莱段设计中的环境保护措施

公路设计阶段环境保护措施是保护公路沿线环境和改善公路沿线环境的重要组成部分.介绍了青莱高速公路马莱段设计阶段在路线、路基、互通式立体交叉、施工组织设计等方面的环境保护措施.     

世界机场排行起降架次（2010年7月）

在多年冻土区修建铁路，是世界性工程难题，一直没有得到很好解决。已建成的多年冻土区铁路病害率很高，列车时速只有六七十公里。俄罗斯西伯利亚铁路，由于对冻土的认识不清，缺乏工程经验，措施单一，     

恰(卜恰)至过(马营)公路病害成因与工程对策

通过恰过公路改建工程建设管理中对地质灾害、水土流失引发的公路病害进行调查、分析,总结公路病害整治采取的工程对策和实施方案,以供类似地形、地质条件下公路建设、设计、施工时参考与研讨,从而提升我省沿黄公路湿陷性黄土(粉土)地区公路病害的综合防治技术水平.     

用导线控制点恢复公路中线

根据公路沿线布设的导线控制点,阐述了利用全站仪进行公路中线放样的原理及方法,并详细介绍了公路中桩坐标的计算。     

基于国省道沥青路面的施工技术相关思考与分析

本文主要针对国省道公路沥青道路的施工技术进行分析,从而及时改进现有的道路工程施工工艺,有效提高道路工程施工效率。道路工程作为当前城市建设中的重要内容,对于城市发展有着极为重要的作用。这就需要有关部门能够对此有着足够的重视,确保道路工程可以充分满足城市发展的需要。通过对公路沥青道路相关施工技术的分析,不仅可以实现道路工程施工工艺的改进,还可以提高道路的通过性,进一步减少国省道的拥堵情况。同时,对公路沥青道路施工技术进行分析,还能实现对于道路工程施工质量的控制,有利于道路使用寿命的提高。沥青道路施工技术的改进,对于当前交通运营及物流有着极为重要的作用。     

临时关闭道路以疏导城市道路交通流的可行性分析

文章基于Braess悖论,以单位车辆的平均出行时间为最优目标,以网络道路系统为约束条件,从逆向思维角度建立了通过临时关闭道路引导交通流以缓解城市道路交通拥挤的Narsh均衡非线性规划模型,并以北京二环道路网络为研究对象进行了实例分析。结果表明,在城市道路网中,关闭部分路段并不能明显缓解交通拥堵现状,但可以在不影响路网整体通行时间的条件下改善路网局部拥堵状况。建议城市道路交通临时疏导方案应该根据路网交通流的分布特点和道路通过能力等因素进行制订。     

Modeling the impact of government guarantees on toll charge,road quality and capacity for Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) road projects

Government guarantees are frequently used to attract private investors’ participation into Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) road projects. In this paper, we investigate the impact of government guarantees on toll charge, road quality and road capacity by taking perspective of the private investor. The main results are: (1) Minimum traffic guarantee increases toll charge while decreasing road quality. Under a low guarantee level, minimum traffic guarantee has no impact on road capacity. However, it improves road capacity when a high guarantee level is performed. (2) Under minimum revenue guarantee, if the guarantee level is sufficiently high, the optimal toll charge will be sufficiently large, but road quality and road capacity will approach zero. (3) Price compensation guarantee decreases toll charge and increases both road quality and road capacity. This paper further investigates the impact of government guarantees when the contract is auctioned. We find that auction reduces the impact of government guarantees on toll charge while failing to affect the impact of government guarantees on road quality and capacity. Some policy implications are also derived from our model results.     

Wooded area,forest road-killed animals: Intensity and seasonal differences of road mortality on a small,newly upgraded road in western Romania

The roads are one of the most obvious expressions of modern society, being considered vital for economical growth. Nevertheless, roads have a very strong negative impact upon environment, manifested, among others, by road mortality. In Romania numerous minor roads are currently upgraded and asphalted. In the year 2016, on a road of this kind, in a wooded mountain area, we recorded 1628 road killed animals belonging to 48 taxons. The majority were forest and wet areas animals (earthworms, snails, amphibians, etc), characteristic for the road’s vicinity. Flying or dry areas animals were fewer. The road crosses the forest and the wet areas animals’ habitats. Now, they are certain victims on the road, because its recent upgrade had increased the cars’ speed. Road mortality differed between periods and according to the road surroundings aspect. The highest road mortality intensity was registered at the end of the spring. It has dropped in the summer and then rose again in the autumn, but just moderately. The animals were affected according to their life cycle and ecological demands. On this minor road surrounded by relatively uniform wooded habitats, the road mortality differences were determined in the first place by the demandings and life cycle of the victims, which were affected by meteorological conditions. This studied road is a proof of how forest native animals are exposed once their habitat is crossed by a road.     

道路车辆清障救援服务标准体系研究

道路车辆清障救援服务是保障道路运输安全畅通的重要组成部分,是道路交通安全保障失效情况下的一种补救措施。文中阐述了国内外道路车辆清障救援行业现状,分析了我国道路清障救援行业存在的问题。在此基础上,提出了道路车辆清障救援服务标准体系架构,以促进我国清障救援社会化、规范化、专业化、市场化。     

Welfare evaluation with a road capacity constraint

Severe traffic congestion in and around many cities across the world has resulted in programmes of extensive road building and other capacity increasing projects. But traffic congestion has often not fallen in the long run and neither has journey speed increased. Demand for peak period road travel, particularly by car, has grown so strongly that increases in road capacity have been quickly matched by increased road use. This paper develops a model of a road network characterised by insatiable road passenger (car and bus) demand. The model parameters are calibrated on a typical urban road network, and a number of simulations conducted to determine social welfare after the introduction of a road capacity constraint into the optimisation process. The empirical results have an important policy implication for the evaluation of projects that increase road capacity, namely that standard methods of cost-benefit analysis may tend to overestimate the net benefits of such projects by a significant amount. Although the model is developed in the context of roads and road traffic congestion, it could also be applied to air travel.     

京沪高速泰安段大修工程路面排水设计

路面排水是否通畅,对路面各种病害的产生和发展具有决定性因素,通过路表排水设计、沥青混凝土路面结构选型及抗渗性设计和路面结构内部防排水系统设计等方面完善路面排水系统,对高速公路的正常运行和行车安全具有重大意义。     

广州市道路交通规划建设探讨

文章针对广州市道路系统规划的基本状况及存在的问题,结合国外城市道路交通规划建设及管理经验,提出了基于小尺度道路网、合理道路等级级配和快速路系统的城市道路交通规划建设优化措施及建议,为缓解城市交通拥堵提供理论依据。     

Study on road section environmental traffic capacity model and algorithm under double constraints

The coordinated development of city traffic and environment is a key research content in traffic field in twenty-first Century. Among them, road section environmental traffic capacity analysis is one of the important research issues. It can provide solid theoretical basis and reliable data support for road network traffic optimization control, road traffic pollution control and city traffic structure optimization. This paper analyzed main factors which impacted environmental traffic capacity from two aspects, including road capacity constraint conditions and road traffic pollution control constraint conditions. Then, road section environmental traffic capacity optimization model was established, and method of improved augmented Lagrange function was used to solve the model. Case study showed that, (1) The environmental traffic capacity optimal model and methodology were effective; (2) In order to ensure road section environmental traffic capacity greater than (or equal to) road capacity, some measures could be taken including adjusting motor vehicle type proportion as well as improving emission characteristics of motor vehicles exhausting pollutants.     

A macro model for traffic flow on road networks with varying road conditions

In this paper, we develop a macro traffic flow model with consideration of varying road conditions. Our analytical and numerical results illustrate that good road condition can enhance the speed and flow of uniform traffic flow whereas bad road condition will reduce the speed and flow. The numerical results also show that good road condition can smooth shock wave and improve the stability of traffic flow whereas bad road condition will lead to steeper shock wave and reduce the stability of traffic flow. Our results are also qualitatively accordant with empirical results, which implies that the proposed model can qualitatively describe the effects of road conditions on traffic flow. These results can guide traffic engineers to improve the road quality in traffic engineering. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.