电站用P91与10CrMo910异种钢焊接工艺研究

探讨了电站安装中P91与 10CrMo910钢的异质焊接、热处理工艺 ,制订了相应的焊接工艺并进行了试验和总结 ,通过焊接工艺评定表明 :此焊接工艺选择适当 ,焊缝能满足各项焊接要求 ,对两种异质钢的工厂、工地现场焊接及热处理具有一定的参考价值。     

轨道车辆车顶钢结构焊接工艺分析与优化

本文对现有B型不锈钢地铁车顶钢结构焊接工艺进行分析,设计了一套自动化焊接工艺,该自动化焊接工艺包括对焊接设备的分析、车顶柔性化可移动组焊工装的研发、焊接参数的确定、自动点焊程序的编制,最终实现车顶钢结构焊接工艺的优化提升,从而解决了原工艺方法的不足,同时也推广了自动焊接技术在轨道车辆行业的应用。     

A335 P22厚壁管道的焊接工艺在施工中的应用

为了使A335 P22厚壁管道的焊接满足各种复杂工程要求,需要制定多种焊接方法组合的焊接工艺.根据武汉乙烯工程中A335 P22超高压厚壁管道的施工实践,在研究和分析了A355 P22厚壁管材焊接特性后,提出了一套适合A335 P22厚壁管的焊接工艺.该工艺同时采用了GTAW、SMAW、FCAW焊接方法,通过采用U＋V组合坡口、焊接低线能量输入及严格控制热处理参数等方法确保焊接质量,焊接工艺评定结果和工程实际效果验证了该工艺的有效性.     

双相不锈钢2205的焊接

介绍了双相不锈钢2205的焊接特点和焊接工艺。平衡铁素体和奥氏体两相组织在焊缝金属和热影响区中的比例,保证焊接接头的性能,是双相不锈钢焊接的基本要求。根据双相不锈钢的焊接冶金特点,采用含镍、氮高的焊接材料,控制焊接线能量,是满足双相不锈钢焊接要求的关键,钨极氩弧焊和焊条电弧焊是适宜的焊接方法。通过焊接工艺评定获得适宜的焊接工艺参数,应用在实际工程中取得了满意的效果。     

电站用P91与10CrM0910异种钢焊接工艺研究

探讨了电站安装中P91与10CrM0910钢的异质焊接、热处理工艺，制订了相应的焊接工艺并进行了试验和总结，通过焊接工艺评定表明：此焊接工艺选择适当，焊缝能满足各项焊接要求，对两种异质钢的工厂、工地现场焊接及热处理具有一定的参考价值。     

输气管线用X70钢焊接工艺研究

针对X70管线钢进行了焊接性分析,确定其预热温度。通过合理的接头设计,恰当的焊接工艺参数,来控制焊接热输入,确保接头的性能,并依据API110 4标准对所制定的焊接工艺进行评定,取得了满意的效果。通过此工艺施工的焊接接头具有较高的安全性。     

合江长江一桥拱桁钢结构现场焊接工艺

文章依托合江长江一桥工程,对其钢管拱肋的现场焊接工艺进行了分析,确定了焊接使用焊材、焊缝坡口形式以及基本焊接工艺;针对不同焊接项目的特点,确定了不同的焊接方法,并介绍了不同焊缝的划分及规定、实际焊接和焊缝返修时的操作方法;提出了提高焊缝抗疲劳、耐久性的措施及关键部位的焊接变形控制措施。通过合江长江一桥拱桁钢结构现场焊接施工取得的良好效果,验证了该焊接工艺的有效性。     

自保焊药芯焊丝焊接工艺

自保护焊药芯焊丝焊接技术,焊接工艺是为提高管线工程建设质量的一种焊接材料,它在管线建设中的应用将会越来越广泛。通过在管线建设中采有自保焊药焊丝焊接工艺的应用,对提高焊接生产效率和焊接质量获得了较好效果。     

奥氏体不锈钢波纹膨胀节焊接技术（一）

介绍了奥氏体不锈钢膨胀节的焊接材料基础，焊接方法及设备的选用，焊接工装夹具的设计原则，接头设计问题，典型焊接工艺规范，常见工艺缺陷及对策。文中给出了部分有参考价值的工艺数据。     

15NiCuMoNb5-6-4厚壁钢管焊接工艺研究及应用

某工程需要进行厚壁15NiCuMoNb5-6-4钢管的焊接,由于该管道系统承载压力大,流体温度高,且在管道内壁堆焊不锈钢耐蚀层,因此,焊接成为现场安装质量控制的关键环节。本文通过采用ER55-G氩弧焊打底、E6018-G焊条电弧焊焊接的方法及合理的工艺措施,经焊接工艺评定试验和焊接接头金相组织分析,表明所制定的焊接工艺可以保证焊接接头的力学性能和耐蚀性能。     

Analysis of factors affecting the choice of route of pedestrians

Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD).

An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip.

It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links.     

实现多组态计量软件集中监控的可行性分析

天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本.     

注汽管道承压能力评估和实物试验验证

基于失效评估图技术对某注汽管道进行了承压能力评价,给出了管线在不同腐蚀壁厚情况下的极限承压能力和极限裂纹尺寸。并利用实物爆破试验验证了评价方法的安全性和有效性,通过对爆破断口进行宏观和微观分析,发现管段的开裂属于脆性开裂。     

Non-parametric analyses of efficiency of airports

This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress.     

波纹管应力分析研究进展

评述了波纹管应力理论研究方法的进展情况，围绕解析法、工程近似法和数值法，对波纹管理论研究中的一些主要成果作了较详细的回顾和总结，对各种研究方法作出了评价，展望了亟待解决的一些问题。     

输油管道中原油乳状液的流变性研究

原油乳状液的流变性是原油开采后在管道中输送的重要研究方面,为了更好地研究这一性质,采用电动搅拌机、偏光显微镜以及流变仪等仪器来测定不同含水率的原油乳状液在不同条件下的黏度,观测不同含水率的原油乳状液在偏光显微镜下的形态。并且分别对原油乳状液的黏度与含水率之间的关系以及与剪切速率之间的关系进行研究,初步确定了所测区块原油乳状液的转相点以及该区块原油乳状液的流变特性,为生产中的油气集输提供了理论依据。     

城市轨道交通杂散电流监测系统概述

介绍了城市轨道交通工程中杂散电流不同的监测系统的构成,分析了集中式、分散式和智能型等监测系统的配置和功能,以及智能型实时在线监测系统的重要意义,为轨道交通工程杂散电流监测系统的选择与应用提供参考。     

埋地管道防腐保温层失效评价

明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。     

Preliminary results of an analysis of areas of influence in Shanghai

The main deficiency of most current modeling approaches to transportation can be identified as neglect of the integration of existing geographical knowledge in regard to the ex ante transport/land use modeling approaches, with its focus on territorial dynamics and theory development. This paper addresses this aspect of the problem by introducing a theoretical and methodological framework for the analysis of the interrelationship between land uses. The analysis attempts to determine to what extent the functional land use in a city can be considered an ordered pattern. The order sought does not rely on purely spatial configurations, but on the correlation of transportation and land use. The first section of this paper focuses on theoretical considerations. It stresses the fact that conventional approaches do not apply in the present context. It then suggests an alternative based on areas of influence and measured in terms of level of attractance of land uses. The second describes a procedure based on this alternative following the remarkable contribution of Hanjoul, Beguin and Thill. An application of this procedure to the analysis of Shanghai is then examined. Finally, an evaluation of the strategies for optimizing the interrelationship between land uses is presented. The paper concludes with a possible research agenda.     

Direct analysis of the perceived importance of attributes of reliability of travel modes in urban travel

Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area.