钴的氧化物对氧烛药块分解的催化机理研究

氧烛是一种使用方便、贮存容易、安全可靠的氧源。本文选用化学试剂Co2O3、Co3O4与自制催化剂CoOx作为氧烛药块分解的催化剂。通过性能试验得出,只有自制催化剂CoOx能使氧烛药块完全分解。并通过比表面积(BET)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)和X光电子能谱(XPS)等手段对各催化剂的组成、物相和形貌及颗粒度的表征,分析了自制催化剂能有效降低氧烛药块分解温度的原因。     

用于高原缺氧环境的供氧方式及其初步设计

本文论述了适合有限空间的各种制氧方式的优缺点,确定了氧烛是适合高原缺氧环境的供氧方式。初步设计确定了氧烛药块的重量和外形尺寸,初步试验表明所设计氧烛的产氧量为300L,平均产氧速率为15L/min。     

用于氧烛的抑氯剂及氯气过滤材料

氧烛在放氧过程中,会产生一定量的氯气。应用在药块内部加抑氯剂和药块外添加氯气过滤材料的方法消除氧烛所放出的氧气中的氯气。到目前为止,对于以铁粉为燃料的氧烛,Li2O2是最佳的抑氯剂,负载LiOH的霍加拉特剂是效果最佳的氯气过滤材料。     

艇用氧烛着火时灭火方式的选择

作为潜艇中的供氧设备,氧烛一经启动,无法自动停止放氧。选择适合氧烛着火时使用的灭火介质和灭火器材,是安全、正确使用氧烛必须解决的问题。本文通过分析艇上常用的各种灭火器的灭火原理,确定了清水是艇用氧烛的安全灭火介质,清水灭火器是其安全的灭火器材。通过氧烛验证试验证明,压力为0.4～0.5MPa的高压清水和合适容量的清水灭火器能安全地终止氧烛放氧。     

氧烛隔热结构的设计

氧烛在放氧过程中,外壁表面温度会超过300 ℃.为保证氧烛的使用安全,需设计合理的隔热结构.试验证明,将氧烛外壳设计成夹套式结构,在夹套内填充一定量的Al2(SO4)3·18H2O,或将氧烛放在夹套式结构的防护筒内使用,在夹套内填充二氧化硅气凝胶,都能将氧烛的外壁温度控制在安全温度以内.     

Mn_xNi_((1-x))O催化剂对LiClO_4分解的催化性能研究

为提高潜艇等密闭空间所使用的氧烛的体积储氧量,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了Ni:Mn=6:1,3:1,2:1,1:1,1:2,1:3,1:6七种Mnx Ni(1-x)O催化剂,将其与LiClO_4进行热重-差热分析(TG-DTA),通过对比空白样品和各混合样品的起始分解温度和最大分解速率温度,探究了Mn_xNi_((1-x))O催化剂对LiClO_4分解的催化性能。研究结果表明,Mn_xNi_((1-x))O催化剂对LiClO_4分解有很好的催化作用,起始分解温度降低128±13℃,其中Ni:Mn=1:6的催化性能最佳,起始分解温度为312℃,在372℃时的分解速率达到10.8%/min,分解温程最窄。     

络合沉淀法制备纳米Co3O4的工艺研究

以Co(NO3)2·6H2O等钴盐,NH3·H2O,H2O2和NaOH为原料,采用络合沉淀法在水溶液中直接制备出了纳米Co3O4,通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)等观测,讨论了不同反应物、反应物之间的摩尔比和反应温度等制备条件对反应产物组成和结构的影响.研究结果表明本制备工艺能够制得纯度高,分散性能好,颗粒分布均匀,结晶度较高的球形纳米Co3O4.纳米Co3O4的最佳制备工艺条件[Co(NH3)6](NO3)3与Co(NO3)2 的摩尔比为2.5～31,NaOH 与Co(NO3) 2的摩尔比为0.9～1.21,反应温度为80℃.     

核潜艇供氧设备的应用研究

本文简要介绍了核潜艇目前所采用的供氧设备。除介绍了氧烛和常规水电解供氧设备外,还介绍了SPE水电解供氧技术。特别对液氧低温储存系统作为核潜艇的供氧设备进行较详细地介绍。除介绍系统本身外,还对系统的设计要求和优缺点进行了说明,并简单地分析了系统故障原因。     

γ-Al2O3对介孔稀土复合氧化物催化特性的影响研究

利用γ-Al2O3替代了60%的Ce/Zr固溶基体,对介孔La/Ce/Zr复合氧化物进行改性.利用ICP分析仪、X射线衍射仪、SEM、比表面仪、激光粒度仪、热重分析仪等表征技术对制备得到的催化剂粉体进行表征.结果显示,活性Al2O3显著提高了催化剂粉体的比表面积,改善了高温下的表面烧结程度,增强了催化剂的热稳定性能并提高了其使用寿命,同时也增加了催化剂粉体的储氧能力和对NO的吸附能力,从而提高了催化活性,明显降低了PM的起燃温度和最高活性工作温度,提高了其对NOx的最大还原率.该研究结果对同时去除船舶柴油机排气污染物PM和NOx具有非常重要的工程应用价值.     

Pt/SDB疏水催化剂的制备及其用于水相消氢

将疏水催化剂应用于水相消氢可以提高电解水制氧装置的氧气纯度.本文以聚苯乙烯 - 二乙烯基苯(SDB)树脂为载体制备了高度分散的Pt/SDB疏水催化剂,并将其应用于水相消氢实验中.结果表明,6%的Pt/SDB催化剂消氢活性最高.在H2/O2空速(GHSV)10 000 h-1,水流量30 L/h,温度60 ℃时,氢气消除率达到了80%.采用X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱、扫描电子显微镜、热重分析仪对制备的催化剂进行了表征.分析发现,制备的催化剂具有良好的疏水性,Pt已被还原为0价态并以高度分散态存在,平均粒径小于5 nm.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.