涡产生器强化圆管管片式换热器传热数值分析

涡产生器式管片式换热器有着不同于传统管片式换热器的强化传热机理,其结构简单,强化传热效果明显.用数值方法分析了涡产生器式圆管管片式换热板芯单个圆管翅片区域内的传热与阻力性能.计算结构根据某实际换热器结构放大确定,计算时选取Re范围为100～30 000.分析了平直翅片与涡产生器翅片传热单元局部及平均传热特性.单根圆管翅片单元有两个低换热区,涡产生器可增强圆管尾部的换热.两种换热板芯的传热能力均虽Re的增加而提高,在中等Re范围内,涡产生器可使传热有较大提高,而阻力增加较小.     

管片式换热器传热与阻力特性的数值研究

在适体坐标系中采用有限差分法对错排圆管管片式换热芯子的三维层流流动及其换热特性进行了研究．计算的网格由微分方程法生成，对雷诺数Re在163～978之间的空气流动与传热特性进行了分析，得出了速度场、横向平均Nu数以及平均对流换热系数与压力降随Re的变化规律，为改进翅片结构，强化换热提供了理论依据．     

涡产生器翼高对管板式换热器传热特性的影响

通过萘升华传质／传热比拟实验，研究了涡产生器翼高H对顺排圆管管片式板芯传热特性的影响．结果表明，涡产生器可显著提高圆管尾流部回流区的换热；对给定Re数，随翼高的增加，纵向涡影响区扩大，从而使换热增强．     

攻击角对涡产生器式管片换热器换热影响的数值分析

通过数值模拟的方法,研究了涡产生器攻击角在15°~45°之间变化时对错排圆管管片式换热板芯换热与阻力特性的影响.分析了不同攻击角的涡产生器强化板芯的局部对流换热系数、横向平均Nux以及平均对流换热系数、阻力系数的变化规律,为进一步提高换热器换热性能提供了理论依据.     

圆管平直翅片散热器翅片导热系数对其传热特性影响

圆管翅片式散热器是空调冷凝器、蒸发器常用的一种散热设备.提高该种散热器的传热性能、降低运行阻力可以减少机械能的消耗,减少排放.采用了完全耦合的数值方法对不同翅片材料下散热器在工况、结构不同时的性能进行了研究.分析了努塞尔数Nu、传热系数K随着翅片导热系数、管间距的变化关系.进一步分析了翅片材料、管间距对翅片表面传热性能的影响.     

顺排圆管涡产生器式强化传热板芯凝结实验研究

以280柴油机中冷器为研究对象,应用涡产生器式强化传热机理,对顺排圆管涡产生器式强化板芯的4种不同片间距试件的传热与阻力特性进行了凝结实验研究,比较了凝结实验结果和传热/传质比拟实验结果.研究获得了顺排圆管涡产生器式强化芯板的性能指标,结果表明:萘升华传热/传质比拟实验结果与真实的换热板芯凝结实验结果非常接近.     

转动圆柱对封闭腔内混合对流换热的影响研究

为研究转动部件对受限空间内对流换热的影响,数值分析了二维封闭方腔内转动圆柱引起的混合对流换热,对比了圆柱转动方向对流场、温度场和换热的影响.结果表明,随着理查森数Ri的增大,方腔内的流动逐渐由强制对流占主导地位向混合对流以及自然对流占主导地位过渡.Re=150,圆柱逆时针转动时平均Nu随Ri增大而增大,而圆柱顺时针转动时平均Nu随Ri增大先减小后增加;Ri=0.1及Ri=1时,圆柱逆时针转动时的局部Nu峰值高于顺时针转动,且最大相差分别为1.89%和19.33%.Gr=5×10~4,圆柱逆时针转动时的平均Nu随Ri增大而减小,而顺时针转动时的平均Nu随Ri增大也呈现先减小后增加的趋势;Ri=0.1及Ri=1时,圆柱逆时针转动与顺时针转动时的局部Nu峰值间最大相差分别为3.96%和26.17%.在Ri=2时,Nu具有最小值且圆柱转动方向对方腔内Nu的影响最大,对于固定Re和Gr两种情况下,圆柱逆时针转动时平均Nu比顺时针转动时分别提高约91.9%和93.6%.     

涡强化扁管管片式散热器中流动与换热的数值模拟

以空气为介质,在Re=500～2 100的范围通过数值模拟的方法对涡强化扁管管片散热器中涡产生器形成的涡的相互干涉及其对散热器流动与换热性能的影响进行了研究分析.说明了当涡产生器呈线性布置而涡产生器的数量发生变化时对横截面上平均Nu数和涡旋强度Γ的影响,并对在本文所采用的模型参数下加装涡产生器的最佳数量进行了探讨.     

每管六涡扁长椭圆管换热板芯涡型布局实验研究

采用萘升华传质/传热比拟实验方法,研究了每管六涡扁长椭圆管管片式换热器换热板芯在固定的片间距和三角翼形涡发生器(WVG)翼高比条件下,4种不同涡发生器布局(VGC)的换热和阻力特性.在验证了实验的正确性与可信性的基础上,对实验结果的分析对比研究表明,各种VGC结构均具有较好的强化传热效果,但同时也使阻力系数大幅增加.利用面积最佳因子法进行的综合性能比较表明,在攻击角较小时,VGC1与VGC3综合性能较好;而当攻击角变大时,VGC3与VGC4结构较优.     

椭圆发热体倾角对方腔内自然对流的影响研究

通过数值模拟的方法,研究了方腔内椭圆形发热体的倾角对腔内自然对流的影响.分析了不同Ra下方腔内速度场和温度场的分布,以及方腔壁面和椭圆表面换热随Ra和倾角的变化规律,并与方腔内置等周长圆形发热体的换热进行了对比.研究结果表明:椭圆长轴垂直放置时表面的Nu最大;Ra=10~6时,长轴垂直放置时比水平放置时的Nu增大10.8%,比等周长圆的Nu增大4.6%.     

串列双圆柱尾迹流的数值分析

为避免流体流动引起共振,采用有限体积法,对串列双圆柱尾迹流进行了数值分析,探讨了斯特劳哈尔数(Strouhal数)随圆柱间距比和雷诺数变化的规律.研究表明:在不同流场形态下,斯特劳哈尔数随圆柱间距比的变化规律不同;斯特劳哈尔数随雷诺数的增大而增大,但增大幅度与流场形态有关.     

不同计算方法所得扁管直翅换热器翅片肋效率的比较

采用数值计算方法对翅片管管片式换热器的肋效率进行了计算和分析,研究扁管肋片厚度、导热系数等因素对肋效率的影响,得出翅片管管片在局部换热系数和平均换热系数下,肋效率的对比分析.     

带曲面涡产生器的管片式换热器阻力特性实验研究

涡产生器可装在管片式散热器的翅片表面,是一较好的强化传热粗糙元.但目前的研究主要集中在对平直涡产生器的研究,对曲面涡产生器的研究非常少.以空气为工质,分别对3种不同管间距的光板板芯及对应装有不同高度曲面涡产生器的板芯在不同板间距时的空气流动阻力做了实验研究.实验结果表明:在不同管间距、板间距时,板芯装涡产生器阻力系数均比光板板芯的阻力系数大,并且在低雷诺数时的增幅比较大,随着雷诺数的提高,阻力系数逐渐降低并趋于平缓,且阻力系数增幅大大减少.     

尾部隔板影响圆柱绕流场的二维层流数值模拟

为了探讨尾部隔板对圆柱绕流场的影响,采用有限体积法、非结构化网格和层流模型求解二维不可压缩N-S方程.在雷诺数为200的条件下,对背流面沿流动方向的对称线上,带薄板的圆柱绕流场进行了数值模拟,得到了流场速度云图、斯特劳哈尔数及平均阻力系数随隔板长度的变化情况.研究结果表明:在圆柱尾部加入的隔板能有效改善旋涡的脱落情况,削弱尾迹区的能量耗散,同时降低绕流的斯特劳哈尔数.在板长与圆柱直径比为L/D≥7的情况下,加入的隔板使圆柱尾部的旋涡被拉伸为扁平结构并限定在隔板两侧,在扁平对涡的外侧形成类似流线型的流场结构;尾部的隔板也使绕流的阻力系数呈现下降的趋势,当L/D=7时,平均阻力系数下降了约40%.      

Convective Heat Transfer Characteristics of the Elliptic Cylinder with Axis Ratio 4 : 1 in Crossflow

The heat transfer features around the elliptic cylinder of axis ratio 4: 1 in crossflow were investigated experimentally within a wide range of Reynolds number. By means of heat-mass transfer analogy and the naphthalene sublimation technique, the local heat transfer distribution and the mean heat transfer coefficient are clarified.The result shows that the mean heat transfer coefficient is higher than that of a circular cylinder in most Reynolds number range regarded, and this superiority turns to be more significant with the increase of flow speed. Moreover, the effect of axis ratio on mean heat transfer coefficient was investigated tentatively. The oil-lampblack technique was employed to enable visualization of the flow pattern around the cylinder and on the cylinder wall.     

Experimental study of the airside performance for interrupted fin-and-tube heat exchanger with hydrophilic coating under dehumidifying conditions

The airside heat transfer and friction characteristics of seven interrupted fin-and-tube heat exchangers with hydrophilic coating under dehumidifying conditions are experimented. The effects of number of tube rows, fin pitch and inlet relative humidity on airside performance are analyzed. The test results show that the influence of fin pitch on the friction characteristic under dehumidifying conditions is similar to that under dry surface, and the friction factors decrease slightly with the increase of number of tube rows. The heat transfer performance decreases as fin pitch and number of tube rows increases. The heat transfer performance and the friction characteristic are independent of inlet relative humidity. Based on the test results, heat transfer and friction correlations in terms of the Colburn j factor and Fanning f factor, are proposed to describe the airside performance of the interrupted fin geometry with hydrophilic coating under dehumidifying conditions. The correlation of the Colburn j factor gives a mean deviation of 9.7%, while the correlation of the Fanning f factor shows a mean deviation of 7.3%.     

Design and Combustion Characteristic Analysis of Free Piston Stirling Engine External Combustion System

The free piston Stirling engine external combustion system was simulated to investigate the diesel-air combustion characteristics in order to demonstrate its feasibility by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The different effects on combustion were distinguished by analyzing the combustion burner, the injection position of diesel oil, the front tube arrangement of Stirling heater head and the back fin. The results show that the tilted front tube arrangement of the heater head with the back fin is the best practicable technology while the distance between the diesel nozzle position and the swirler top is 0. Its total heat flux is 15.6 kW, and the average heat transfer coefficients of the front and back tubes are 127W/(m² · K) and 192W/(m² · K), respectively. The heat transfer is mainly through convection, and the proportion of radiative heat transfer is only 16.9%. The best combustion efficiency of the free piston Stirling engine external combustion system is 86%.     

Coupled Heat and Mass Transfer Analysis of NH_3-H_2O Falling Film Absorption on Inner Tube Surface with Low Solution Flow Rates

NH_3-H_2O falling film absorption usually takes place with low solution flow rate in real absorption refrigeration system. An experimental study of inner vertical absorption is carried out for the consideration of air-cooling absorber. Variable working conditions are tested to evaluate the heat and mass transfer performances.The traditional evaluation method based on log-mean-temperature(concentration) difference is criticized for its lack of theoretical basis while simultaneous heat and mass transfer process occurs. A new method proposed by Kim and Infante Ferreira is modified to evaluate the experimental results with reasonable assumptions. The method is based on the derivation of coupled heat and mass transfer differential equations of NH_3-H_2O absorption process.The analysis of the same experimental data shows that the new method realizes better consistency with smaller error, especially in heat transfer aspect. Heat and mass transfer performance is enhanced with the increase of solution Reynolds number. Sub-cooling of inlet weak solution also has positive influence on the absorption process,which should be evaluated by the new method correctly. Two correlations are developed to evaluate both Nusselt and Sherwood numbers for the design of air-cooling absorber.