有限元程序生成系统及其在工程中的应用

本文介绍了一个全新的有限元软件--有限元程序生成系统(FEPG)的设计方法和程序结构.有限元程序生成系统可以根据通用的数学原理和有限元素法规则,采用部件化和人工智能的方法,像推导数学公式那样利用计算机自动生成有限元程序.有限元程序生成系统突破了现有的有限元软件仅仅适用于某一特定领域研究的限制,适应于所有需用有限元方法求解的微分方程.目前,有限元程序生成系统已经应用于超导、电磁场、石油勘探、结构工程、交通、水利、船舶力学、液固耦合及流体力学等方面的研究.     

ALE方法在燃烧室中的数值模拟研究

在数值模拟中,ALE(Arbitrary Lagrange-Euler)方法是Euler方法和Lagrange方法的结合,既能处理畸变较大的流动,又能准确描述流体内部的运动。本文运用ALE方法对固体火箭发动机燃烧室的流场进行了二维数值模拟计算,流体运动通过原始变量Navier-Stokes方程描述,压力采用Poisson方程形式,运用有限差分的方法对计算区域进行四边形单元的网格划分,在Linux操作平台上编写计算程序,验证了ALE方法适用于固体火箭发动机燃烧室流场分析,为固体火箭发动机的内流场仿真提供了一个直接求解的新思路。     

计算流体力学常用数值方法简介

任何流体运动的动力学特征都是由质量守恒、动量守恒和能量守恒定律所确定的，这些基本定律可以由流体流动的控制方程组来描述。利用数值方法通过计算机求解描述流体运动的控制方程，揭示流体运动的物理规律，研究流体运动的时一空物理特征，这样的学科称为计算流体力学。     

海塘越浪过程SPH模拟

随着计算机软硬件水平的不断发展,数值模拟技术已经越来越广泛地应用到海岸工程领域中。现今波浪爬高越浪的数值模拟技术主要有网格方法和无网格方法两种。和网格方法相比,无网格方法在计算海塘越浪的连续性和大变形问题上体现出了优势。     

船电设备电磁工程学的有限元法研究

论及船舶电工设备电磁工程学的基础理论——电磁场数值分析方法。提出了有限元原理的一种新的证明方法，其命题为：在磁阻连续或间断的区域中，磁场边值问题（非线性Ｐｏｉｓｓｏｎ方程）总是等价于条件变分问题（能量泛函取极小值）。     

绕船体粘性自由面流动的数值计算

考虑自由面的船舶粘性流动计算由于其复杂性和对计算机硬伯的较高要求，只是到了最近几年才得到较大发展，而在国内尚属起步阶段。本文使用VOF方法计算了绕Wigley船型的粘性自由面流动，流模式选择了SSTκ-ω模型。计算获得了船体上波形以及船波等值线图，同时考察了三个不同横截面上的流动状况。计算得到的阻力还和发表的试验结果作了对比，结果令人鼓舞。     

Numerical simulation of three-dimensional combustion flows

A finite-rate method is used to simulate the three-dimensional combustion process in a plasma generator with CH4 as the fuel. The simulation was run with RNG k-ε model to simulate turbulence, with eddy-dissipation-concept （EDC） model to simulate the combustion and with discrete ordinates model to simulate radiation. The numerical results show that the flow field characteristics and the parameter distributions are under the condition of rich fuels, and these results provide valuable information when optimizing the plasma generator design and organizing its flow fields.     

伪谱方法对平板层流边界层的数值模拟

本文对平板在自由来流情况下的层流边界层用伪谱方法进行了数值模拟。直接用伪谱矩阵方法对边界层方程进行离散并编程计算，与经典结果相比较，发现本文结果较好，下一步研究工作有了可靠的基础。     

A CIP-based method for numerical simulations of violent free-surface flows

A CFD model is proposed for numerical simulations of extremely nonlinear free-surface flows such as wave impact phenomena and violent wave–body interactions. The constrained interpolation profile (CIP) method is adopted as the base scheme for the model. The wave–body interaction is treated as a multiphase problem, which has liquid (water), gas (air), and solid (wave-maker and floating body) phases. The flow is represented by one set of governing equations, which are solved numerically on a nonuniform, staggered Cartesian grid by a finite-difference method. The free surface as well as the body boundary are immersed in the computation domain and captured by different methods. In this article, the proposed numerical model is first described. Then to validate the accuracy and demonstrate the capability, several two-dimensional numerical simulations are presented, and compared with experiments and with computations by other numerical methods. The numerical results show that the present computation model is both robust and accurate for violent free-surface flows.     

Two-dimensional numerical simulation and experiment on strongly nonlinear wave–body interactions

A constrained interpolation profile (CIP)-based Cartesian grid method for strongly nonlinear wave–body interaction problems is presented and validated by a newly designed experiment, which is performed in a two-dimensional wave channel. In the experiment, a floating body that has a rectangular section shape is used. A superstructure is installed on the deck and a small floating-body freeboard is adopted in order to easily obtain water-on-deck phenomena. A forced oscillation test in heave and a wave–body interaction test are carried out. The numerical simulation is performed by the CIP-based Cartesian grid method, which is described in this paper. The CIP scheme is applied in the Cartesian grid-based flow solver. New improvements of the method include an interface-capturing method that applies the tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing (THINC) scheme and a virtual particle method for the floating body. The efficiency of the THINC scheme is shown by a dam-breaking computation. Numerical simulations on the experimental problem for both the forced oscillation test and the wave–body interaction test are carried out, and the results are compared to the measurements. All of the comparisons are reasonably good. It is shown, based on the numerical examples, that the present CIP-based Cartesian grid method is an accurate and efficient method for predicting strongly nonlinear wave–body interactions.     

基于MATLAB的带自由表面粘性流场数值模拟

本文基于VOF方法并运用科学计算软件MATLAB,在统一笛卡尔网格中,利用有限差分离散求解不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程,模拟带自由表面的二维粘性流场并实现可视化,同时,通过MATLAB并行计算工具箱的运用,提高计算效率,缩短计算时间。利用该程序对二维溃坝过程进行模拟,验证了该程序的有效性和可靠性。     

TK-2DC软件前处理模块-贴体正交网格生成软件开发

贴体正交网格计算方法是通过坐标变换或坐标投影,把不规则物理区域进行离散以生成规则矩形计算区域的方法,所生成网格的疏密性和正交性对于保证数值计算精度至关重要。目前最常用的3种贴体正交网格计算方法是代数网格生成法、椭圆型方程网格生成法以及保角变换网格生成法。为了保证网格的正交性,简化网格计算量,所采用的贴体正交网格计算方法是上述3种方法的组合体,并且以该法为内核,开发了简单易学的贴体正交网格可视化计算软件,该软件可以与CAD进行无缝连接,大大缩短了数值模拟前期研究工作的时间。     

Research developments in numerical methods of fluid-structure interactions in naval architecture and ocean engineering北大核心CSCD

流固耦合问题较为复杂,通常难以通过理论推导求得,而数值模拟则能提供一种有效的解决方案,并被广泛用于船舶与海洋工程领域。流固耦合数值方法根据其网格离散方式,可以分为贴体网格方法、非贴体网格方法、重叠网格方法和粒子类方法 4类,对这4类方法的特点及研究进展进行概述并总结得出:贴体网格方法和重叠网格方法均能精确捕捉界面的变形和演化,适合高雷诺数流动问题,在考虑结构变形时一般采用贴体网格方法,而考虑复杂几何形状的刚体运动时则常采用重叠网格方法;非贴体网格方法能够避免网格的更新操作,使计算较为简单,目前多用于模拟流动控制、水下柔性仿生航行器的研发以及多体运动干扰等问题;粒子类方法因其固有的拉格朗日属性,在模拟涉及自由液面剧烈变形、砰击、爆炸等强非线性流固耦合问题中发挥着重要作用。不同的流固耦合问题属性决定了不同方法的适用性,如何选取适合的数值方法,同时结合各类方法的优势开发新的计算方法以应对更为复杂的问题,是流固耦合算法开发的重要发展方向。     

重叠网格在船舶CFD中的应用研究

文章采用RANS方法和重叠网格计算了带自由液面的船舶绕流问题。计算网格采用重叠网格的型式,自由液面的模拟采用单相Level-Set方法,Reynolds应力采用k-ω模型,采用体单元有限差分方法和PISO算法求解RANS方程。文中简要描述了重叠网格和单相Level Set自由液面模拟方法的数学模型及求解。通过对S60单体船型约束模和自由模型采用重叠网格的数值求解及与试验结果的比较表明该重叠可较好地模拟带自由液面船舶自由态绕流问题。另采用重叠网格对一简单的双体船和三体船进行了数值求解,计算结果也表明重叠网格和单相Level-Set方法可较好地模拟带自由液面的船舶绕流问题。     

A coupled FDM–FEM method for free surface flow interaction with thin elastic plate

A partitioned approach by the coupling finite difference method (FDM) and the finite element method (FEM) is developed for simulating the interaction between free surface flow and a thin elastic plate. The FDM, in which the constraint interpolation profile method is applied, is used for solving the flow field in a regular fixed Cartesian grid, and the tangent of the hyperbola for interface capturing with the slope weighting scheme is used for capturing free surface. The FEM is used for solving structural deformation of the thin plate. A conservative momentum-exchange method, based on the immersed boundary method, is adopted to couple the FDM and the FEM. Background grid resolution of the thin plate in a regular fixed Cartesian grid is important to the computational accuracy by using this method. A virtual structure method is proposed to improve the background grid resolution of the thin plate. Both of the flow solver and the structural solver are carefully tested and extensive validations of the coupled FDM–FEM method are carried out on a benchmark experiment, a rolling tank sloshing with a thin elastic plate.     

Numerical simulation of violent sloshing by a CIP-based method

In this article, a new computational fluid dynamics simulation approach based on the constraint interpolation profile (CIP) method is applied to tackle the violent sloshing problem. The present study considers two-dimensional sloshing phenomena in a rectangular tank. By the proposed method, the sloshing problem is viewed as a multiphase problem that includes water and air flows. A stationary Cartesian grid is used and the free surface is solved by an interface capturing method. The CIP combined unified procedure (CCUP) scheme was adopted for the flow solver, and both the CIP scheme and the CIP conservative semi-Lagrangian with cubic interpolation polynomial (CIP-CSL3) scheme were used for interface capturing. For validation of the numerical method, a physical experiment was conducted with a rectangular tank for several frequencies and filling heights. A convergence check was first performed for the method. The numerical simulation results on violent sloshing show that the use of the CIP-CSL3 scheme as an interface capturing procedure gives much better results for the pressures and free-surface profiles than the conventional CIP scheme.     

非结构化网格浸入边界法的流固耦合数值模拟(英文)

This paper presents an improved unstructured grid immersed boundary method. The advantages of both immersed boundary method and body fitted grids which are generated by unstructured grid technology are used to enhance the computation efficiency of fluid structure interaction in complex domain. The Navier-Stokes equation was discretized spacially with collocated finite volume method and Euler implicit method in time domain. The rigid body motion was simulated by immersed boundary method in which the fluid and rigid body interface interaction was dealt with VOS (volume of solid) method. A new VOS calculation method based on graph was presented in which both immersed boundary points and cross points were collected in arbitrary order to form a graph. The method is verified with flow past oscillating cylinder.     

拟合坐标下河道二维非恒定流计算

本文通过边界贴体坐标,在物理域生成正交曲线网格。该曲线网格具有准确贴合边界及域内网格布置灵活的特点,克服了矩形网格贴合边界较差及计算域长宽比悬殊的困难。通过坐标转换,将复杂域问题转变成规则长方形域问题的求解,并对新坐标系下的方程采用ADI方法进行数值模拟计算。