浅议弯曲河段桥区航道整治措施

水上运输具有运量大、成本低和能耗小的优点,然而桥梁的不断兴建,对船舶航行造成一定的影响,特别是处于弯曲河段内的桥区航道,由于桥区河段水流与桥轴线法线夹角、航线流速较大、通航净宽不足等原因,常导致船舶撞击桥墩等海损事故的发生,同时由于弯道的演变也会对桥区航道维护产生不利的影响;研究此类桥梁碍航问题具有重要的工程现实意义。本文结合工程实际,研究弯曲河道桥区河段桥梁碍航成因,提出整治方法与整治措施,可供类似工程参考。     

黄河多泥沙桥区河段航道整治技术

黄河银川段为典型的游荡性平原河流，河床质为细沙，易冲易淤。涉水设施易引起沙质河床泥沙运动规律改变、河床地形发生不可预测的冲淤演变，水流流态紊乱，不利于船舶通过桥区河段，碍航滩险增多，整治难度加大。通过河床演变分析，借助数值模拟技术分析各代表流量下多泥沙桥区河段的水流流态和夹角、涉水建筑阻水率等参数，研究桥区河段的航道整治技术，兼顾对行洪影响，固化航槽，寻求航道整治和行洪等的平衡。结果表明，该航道整治技术使航道整治、行洪与桥梁建设相结合，既可以满足航道通航条件，也可以满足行洪要求，有利于船舶通航和桥梁建设。     

桥区通航问题及对策研究综述

从桥梁布设原则、通航河流上桥梁建设论证的内容、通航条件的研究、桥梁碍航原因、桥梁碍航问题的处理方法、通航孔跨度的确定等方面对桥区航道问题及整治技术研究现状进行了归纳和总结,并提出了进一步研究的方向。     

山区河流弯曲分汊型河段航道整治方案

岷江下游沙卵石弯曲分汊河段较多,不同分汊河段的河势特征与碍航特征迥异,山区河流弯曲分汊型河段不同的航道整治措施将导致整治点位水文条件、底质组成和河道结构产生明显不同的变化,对航道整治点位通航功能的影响也有明显差异。采用1：100正态河工物理模型试验和自航船模试验相结合的技术手段,针对岷江下游霸王滩滩群弯曲分汊型航道整治措施进行研究,对山区河流弯曲分汊型河段航线选线、整治建筑物尺寸和间距等平面设计参数进行优化设计,提出岷江下游霸王滩群弯曲分汊型河段III级航道整治方案。结果表明,通过优化航线布置并结合坝体调整、复式航槽开挖、下游布设潜坝或填槽等工程措施,可以实现增加水深、改善水流条件的整治目的。     

吉林九站松花江大桥河段航道整治方案研究

吉林市九站松花江铁路大桥桥区河道地形起伏大,枯水期航道尺度不足,水位落差集中,存在明显的陡比降。加之桥区临时建筑物未拆除,导致过水断面剧烈收缩,形成急流,严重碍航。采用二维水流数学模型对整治方案进行了计算分析。结果表明：扩大卡口断面和航槽疏浚不能有效解决该河段陡比降的问题,而采用复式断面对桥下游边滩进行开挖可较好地调整水流流态,降低流速,消除陡比降,通航条件较好,可为桥区河段急险滩整治提供借鉴。     

数值模拟技术在桥梁桥墩布置及跨度选择中的应用

桥区河段水沙条件复杂,桥梁桥墩布置和桥梁跨度的选择会对主航槽演变、通航条件以及项目总投资造成一定的影响。利用数值模拟技术深入分析建桥前后桥区河段水流条件,找出经济、合理的桥墩布置和桥梁跨度。分析表明：1）桥墩布置时应尽可能满足河床与航道变迁,不形成碍航和通航控制河段。2）桥梁跨度净宽应满足通航净宽和船舶通过能力等的要求。     

广阳坝河段4.5米水深航道整治工程动床物理模型试验研究

广阳坝河段为长江上游朝天门至涪陵河段45米水深航道整治工程的一部分,该河段卵石运动规律及滩险碍航特性复杂,为确定航道整治方案提供依据,开展了广阳坝河段物理模型试验,研究河道内卵石输运特性及航槽稳定性。     

长江中游牯牛沙水道河床演变及碍航特性分析

以牯牛沙水道为例,重点分析了弯曲河段的演变过程和碍航特点。通过分析牯牛沙水道的演变过程、演变影响因素、演变趋势及碍航特性等,揭示滩槽演变的规律,探讨航道整治一期工程前后的碍航特性变化,并对一期工程实施后航道条件不稳定的具体原因进行分析,在此基础上,提出二期工程的整治思路和方案。     

长江中游戴家洲河段航道整治工程方案研究

在分析研究戴家洲河段演变规律与碍航特性的基础上,提出了该河段总体工程整治方案和一期工程整治方案。     

长江中游监利河段河床演变与航道整治思路

长江中下游分汉河道众多,碍航问题突出.以典型弯曲分汊河道监利河段为例,通过对三峡水库蓄水前后演变规律的对比分析,认为乌龟夹将作为主汊长期存在,在三峡蓄水运用以后,乌龟夹的主汊地位将会进一步加强.但乌龟夹口门处的浅区将继续存在,加之水库汛后蓄水期间水位快速退落,退水冲槽的能力大幅减弱,碍航问题将更为严峻.在总结河段浅滩碍航特性的基础上提出了保持现有分汊格局,稳定洲滩,束水冲槽,结合清除下段水下碍航物的整治方案,以期从根本上解决监利河段的碍航问题.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.